Difference Between Open and Closed Circulatory System

When multicellular organisms need a circulatory system to transport oxygen and nutrients through the body, that procedure is known as the Circulatory system. Blood, nutrients, gases, and other molecules are transported throughout the body by the circulatory system, which is an organ system.  The lymphatic system, which circulates lymph, is a part of the circulatory system. Lymph takes much longer to pass than blood. Blood is a fluid made up of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets that are carried by the capillaries (veins and arteries) from the heart via the vertebrate circulatory system, carrying oxygen and nutrition to all bodily tissues while also eliminating waste materials out of the body. Excess blood plasma is effectively recycled and returned to the lymphatic system once it has been filtered from the interstitial fluid (between cells).

There are two types of circulatory systems namely - 

• The open Circulatory System:

The system is primarily found in invertebrates. Here, the blood flows freely through cavities and there are no vessels to conduct the blood.  Blood is not enclosed within blood vessels but is pumped into an open cavity called a hemocoel and is called hemolymph because the blood mixes with the interstitial fluid. The organs and tissues are directly bathed in blood. As a result, there is no differentiation between blood and interstitial fluid. As a result, hemolymph is used. The heart pumps the hemolymph through the arteries into the sinuses, where it exchanges materials with the surrounding cells. The Ostia, which seals via the valves during cardiac contraction, return the hemolymph to the heart.

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• Closed Circulatory System: 

This is the system that is found in vertebrates and a few invertebrates like earthworms. This system in the presence of vessels conducts blood throughout the body. The heart, which pumps blood into the vessels so that it can reach the tissues and organs, is part of a closed circulatory system. Between smaller vessels (capillaries) and tissues, gases are exchanged in circulation. Annelids and vertebrates are two animals that have a closed circulatory system (including humans). Humans have a circulatory system that circulates blood throughout the body and a lymphatic system that circulates lymph.

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Advantage of Closed Circulatory System

Compared to the open circulatory system, the closed circulatory system operates with much higher blood pressure, though it is said to be more efficient considering that it uses much less blood for even faster and higher levels of distribution.

Human Circulatory System  

Human beings follow a closed circulatory system which means that blood is always enclosed in vessels and the heart while circulating throughout the body. Traveling through arteries and veins, blood carries important molecules throughout the body and is always confined

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The major difference between the open and closed circulatory system is the way blood flows in an organism. Blood flows inside the body through vessels such as arteries and veins. This type of circulation is called Closed circulation. Open circulation takes place in the absence of vessels to contain the blood and it flows freely through the cavities of the body.  Vertebrates and a few invertebrates follow a closed circulatory system. The open circulatory system, on the other hand, is most commonly seen in invertebrates such as cockroaches and crabs. The other major difference between Open and Closed Circulatory Systems are summarized below.

Difference Between Open and Closed Circulatory System

Features of Circulatory System

• Blood, the heart, blood arteries, and lymph make up the human circulatory system.

• Blood is circulated through two loops (double circulation) in the human circulatory system: one for oxygenated blood and the other for deoxygenated blood.

• Two ventricles and two auricles make up the four chambers of the human heart.

• The human circulatory system is made up of a system of blood vessels that runs throughout the body. Arteries, veins, and capillaries are the three types of blood vessels.

• Blood vessels are responsible for transporting oxygenated blood and nutrients throughout the body. It's also in charge of removing metabolic waste from the body.

• The vast majority of circulatory system diagrams fail to convey its enormity. If a human's veins, arteries, and capillaries were put out end to end, the total length would be 1,00,000 kilometres (or roughly eight times the diameter of the Earth).