Important Questions for CBSE Class 7 Science Our Environment Chapter 5 - Water

Very Short Answer Questions:                                                             1 Mark

1. Fill in the blanks:

i. _____is caused by the gravitational force of the sun and the moon.

Ans: Tide is caused by the gravitational force of the sun and the moon.

ii. _____ is an example of precipitation.

Ans: Hailstorm is an example of precipitation.

iii. Water flows between the ____in a set pattern.

Ans: Water flows between the oceans in a set pattern.

iv. The water in the ocean comes from various ______.

Ans: The water in the ocean comes from various rivers.

2. State true and false:

i. Teesta flows in West Bengal.

Ans: True

ii. Amazon is an African Forest.

Ans: True

iii. Indus is the name of a river that origins in Pakistan.

Ans: True

iv. Rainfall is not known as precipitation.

Ans: False

3. Match the following:

Ans:

4. Choose the correct option:

i. The warm ocean currents origin near____.

a) Equator

b) Poles

c) Tropic of Cancer

d) Tropic of Capricorn

Ans: (a) Equator

ii. The fall of oceanic water twice a day is called ____.

a) Oceanic Current 

b) Tide

c) Seismic Effect

d) Wave

Ans: (b) Tide

5. Define the following: 

i. Snowfall 

Ans: When water vapor condenses and falls or precipitates on the earth’s surface as solid particles of snow at a very low temperature, it is called snowfall.

ii. Water cycle

Ans: When the clouds condense, they fall on the earth’s surface as rain and join the water bodies. This water again evaporates to form clouds. This cyclic phenomenon is called the water cycle.

Short Answer Questions:                                                                               2 Marks

6. Define precipitation. 

Ans: After evaporation, as the water vapor passes through certain stages it brings what we call precipitation. These stages are—

• The water vapor cools down.

• Next, it condenses, i.e., gets converted into a liquid form from a gaseous form. 

• Condensation forms numerous water droplets which lead to the formation of clouds that keep growing.

• Finally, the clouds become very heavy and fall on the surface of the earth in liquid or solid forms. This is called precipitation. Examples - rain, snow, and hailstorm.

7. What is the water cycle?

Ans: Liquid water present on the earth’s surface evaporates as a result of the heat coming from the sun and moves to the atmosphere as gaseous vapor. It forms clouds and then falls down as rain. This cyclic phenomenon is called the water cycle.

8. Define ocean currents.

Ans: Ocean currents can be defined as follows—

• Ocean currents are streams of warm and cold waters that flow constantly on the surface of the ocean in certain patterns and directions. 

• These generally flow from the equator to the poles.

9. Define tide and its reason.

Ans: The repeated rise and fall of water in the ocean two times a day is called tide. 

Tides are caused due to two reasons which are as follows—

• The gravitational force of the sun.

• The gravitational force of the moon.

10. What affects the movement of ocean water?

Ans: The movement of ocean water is affected by the following factors:

• Wind

• Seismic activities like an earthquake, 

• Volcano

• Underwater landslide.

Short Answer Questions:                                                                      3 Marks

11. Why is the water of the ocean salty?

Ans: The water in the ocean is not salty from the beginning. It becomes salty as the ocean water undergoes the following stages—

• Ocean water comes from various rivers. 

• These rivers flow over various landforms, soil, and rocks that contain salt. 

• The salts and minerals dissolve in the water. 

• When the water reaches the ocean, the amount of salt in it becomes high.

This is the reason why ocean water is salty.

12. Why is the quality of water deteriorating?

Ans: The quality of water deteriorating because of the following reasons—

• Drinking water is getting unsafe due to pollution. 

• Water from agricultural land flows into the river. This contains pesticides and fertilizers and deteriorates the water quality. 

• In addition, industries release their waste into various water bodies. 

• Also, domestic sewage ends up in rivers and oceans. 

These are the reasons the quality of water is getting worse.

13. Define the water cycle.

Ans: There are certain changes through which water passes, again and again, to form what we call the water cycle. These stages are as follows—

• Water from the earth’s surface evaporates due to the heat of the sun and forms water vapor.

• The water vapor moves to the atmosphere. 

• It condenses, forms clouds, and ultimately falls again on the surface of the earth as rain. 

• Then these stages repeat themselves.

Hence, these stages form a cyclic phenomenon which is known as the water cycle.

14. What is a Tsunami? 

Ans: A tsunami can be defined as follows—

• Tsunamis are massive destructive tidal waves of about $15$metres in height produced in oceans and seas.

• A tsunami is a word used for harbor waves in Japan because whenever tsunamis take place harbors get destroyed. 

• Tsunamis take place due to underwater oceanic eruptions, earthquakes, or landslides as these displace enormous volumes of ocean water.

• One disastrous instance of this phenomenon is when the Indira Point in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands got submerged in the tsunami of $2004$.

15. What is the importance of high tides?

Ans: High tides are important in many ways. Some of them are listed below:

• Hides tides aid in navigation by raising the level of the water to the shores. This helps the ships to reach the harbors more efficiently. 

• High tides are also beneficial for fishermen as, during the occurrence of high tides, a larger number of fish come near the shore.

• At some places, high tides contribute to the generation of electricity. 

Long Answer Questions:                                                                                    5 Marks

16. Explain the geographical location of the following rivers Teesta, Niger, Indus, Amazon, Orange, Padma, Nile, Thames, Congo. 

Ans: The geographical location of the above-mentioned rivers is as follows—

• Teesta:  Teesta has its origin in the Brahmaputra river and flows in West Bengal and Sikkim.

• Padma: the Padma rises from the Ganges and flows in Bangladesh.

• Orange: Orange is a river that flows South Africa.

• Niger: Niger is also a river of Africa.

• Amazon: Amazon is the largest river in the world. It flows through South America.

• Indus:  Indus flows in the Indian subcontinent.

• Nile: Nile is in Egypt and is the longest river. 

• Thames: the Thames flows through London.

• Congo:  Congo River flows through Africa.

17. Explain the following: Tsunami, Oceanic Currents, Tide.

Ans: The above-mentioned terms are described as follows—

• Tsunami: Tsunamis are massive destructive tidal waves of about $15$metres in height produced in oceans and seas. These are caused by the sudden movements of the earth under the sea or the ocean generated by underwater oceanic eruptions, earthquakes, or landslides. Hence, they are seismic waves. 

• Oceanic Currents: Ocean currents are streams of warm and cold waters that flow constantly on the surface of the ocean in certain patterns and directions. These generally flow from the equator to the poles. Ocean currents depend on various factors like temperature and density. 

• Tide: The gravitational pull of the sun and the moon causes the water in seas and oceans to rise and fall two times each day. This phenomenon is called a tide.

18. What is the importance of water?

Ans: The importance of water is described in the following points:

• Water is the most essential part of human life. Life is not possible without water as it serves the most important purposes of our day-to-day life like drinking, washing clothes and other utensils, cooking food, etc.

• Seventy percent of the human body is water and it aids in major functions of the human body.

• One-third of the planet earth is water. Oceans, seas, lakes, ponds, and other water bodies are major sources of transportation. 

• Water saves us from many diseases. 

• Nothing could be grown without water. When any area on the earth gets less rainfall, the agriculture of that area gets negatively affected. It means water is important to make a region agriculturally productive.

• Water is the main cause of many natural chemical reactions which help in the life sustenance of humans as well as plants and animals.

19. Explain the water cycle with a diagram.

Ans: There are certain changes through which water passes, again and again, to form what we call the water cycle. These stages are as follows:

• Water from the earth’s surface evaporates due to the heat of the sun and forms water vapor.

• The water vapor moves to the atmosphere. 

• It condenses, forms clouds, and ultimately falls again on the surface of the earth as rain. 

• Then these stages repeat themselves.

Hence, these stages form a cyclic phenomenon which is known as the water cycle.

Figure 5.1: The water cycle

20. Brief about Tsunami.

Ans: Tsunamis can be briefed as follows:

• Tsunamis are massive destructive tidal waves of about $15$metres in height produced in oceans and seas.

• A tsunami is a word used for harbor waves in Japan because whenever tsunamis take place harbors get destroyed. 

• Tsunamis take place due to underwater oceanic eruptions, earthquakes, or landslides as these displace enormous volumes of ocean water.

• Due to tsunamis, a large amount of water shifts vertically upwards and progresses towards the land near coastal areas.

• Tsunamis are considered to be very destructive. Once they get the land they destroy whatever comes in their way. Tsunamis destroy buildings, houses, farms, and anything that comes in their way.

One disastrous instance of this phenomenon is when the Indira Point in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands got submerged in the tsunami of $2004$.

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