Important Questions for CBSE Class 7 Social Science Our Past 2 Chapter 4 - The Mughal Empire

Very Short Answer Questions: 1 Mark

1. Fill in the blanks:

(i) ______________were descendants of two great lineages of rulers.

Ans: Mughal were descendants of two great lineages of rulers.

(ii) _______________married the Emperor Jahangir in 1611 and received title of Nur Jahan.

Ans: Mehrunnisa married the Emperor Jahangir in 1611 and received title of Nur Jahan.

(iii) _________wrote a three-volume history of Akbar’s reign, titled Akbar Nama.

Ans: Abul Fazal wrote a three-volume history of Akbar’s reign, titled Akbar Nama.

(iv) The main source of income available to Mughal rulers was tax on the produce of the________.

Ans: The main source of income available to Mughal rulers was tax on the produce of the agriculture.

2. State True and False:

(i) The influence and power of the Mughal were at the lowest during the 17th century.

Ans: False

(ii) Aurangzeb does not insult Shivaji when he came to accept Mughal authority.

Ans: False

(i) Babur was the first Mughal Emperor.

Ans:  True

(ii) The Marathas fought Guerilla Welfare.

Ans: True

3. Match the following:

Ans:

4. Choose the correct option-

1. Babur ruled during the period.

1. 1526 - 1530

2. 1526 - 1531

3. 1525 - 1530

4. 1525 - 1529

Ans: (a) 1526 - 1530

2. Jahangir ruled during the period.

1. 1605 - 1627

2. 1600 - 1625

3. 1600 - 1627

4. 1605 - 1625

Ans: (a) 1605 - 1627

5. Define the Following

(i) Bigot

Ans: If an individual is intolerant towards another person’s culture or religious beliefs then he is referred to as a bigot.

(ii) Rule of Primogeniture

Ans:  When the properties and estates of a father are inherited by the eldest son is known as the rule of Primogeniture.

Short Answer Questions: 2 Marks

6. Who was Babur?

Ans: Babur was the first Mughal Emperor who ruled from 1526 - 1530.

7. What do you mean by Dogma?

Ans: A statement that is declared as authoritative assuming that it would be followed without any question is known as the dogma.

8. What do you mean by zat?

Ans: Zat was a numerical value, used to determine the mansabdar’s salary and rank in the army.

9. What do you mean by zabt?

Ans: The collection of revenue based on scheduled revenue rates of individual crops is known as zabt.

10. What were the five deccan sultanates?

Ans: Berar, Ahmednagar, Khandesh, Golconda and Bijapur were the five Deccan Sultanates.

Short Answer Question: 3 Marks

11. What were the Central Provinces under the control of the Mughal? 

Ans: Following were the Central Provinces under the control of Mughals—Fatehpur Sikri, Ranthambhore, Chittor, Lahore, Mathura, Agra, Panipat, Delhi, Allahabad, Ajmer and Amber.

12. Why was it important for the Mughals to recruit Mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Irani’s?

Ans: As the Mughal Empire was expanded to a diverse region. Hence, it became necessary for the Mughal kings to make people comfortable with his ruling. This made the Mughals recruit Mansabdars from different backgrounds instead of only Irani’s and Turanis.

13. Do you think peasants are important for economy as on today as they were in Mughal Empire?

Ans: Yes, peasant’s importance has not declined over time. They are the backbone of the country as without them country cannot flourish. They grow crops and cultivate the land without which survival becomes very difficult. The revenue paid by peasants is used by the government in various developmental works.

14. What qualities of the Mughals enabled them to extend their influence over many kings and chieftains?

Ans: The Mughals maintained a very apt balance between defeating but of course not humiliating the opponents. This enabled them to extend theirs over kings and chieftains of different regions.

15. What were the responsibilities of Mansabdars? 

Ans: The Mansabdars were responsible for the military sphere. They are responsible to maintain a specific number of cavalrymen and horsemen or sawar.

Long Answer Questions: 5 Marks

16. Write a short note on Akbar’s administrative policies.

Ans: Abul Fazal in his book Akbar Nama has given a detailed explanation of the administrative policies of Akbar. The empire of Akbar was divided into Subas which was under the control of Subedar.  He was responsible for carrying out both military and political functions. Moreover, there was also a finance officer in the province known as the diwan. Akbar’s administrative policies were based on quite considerate ideas as he gave utmost importance to the idea of toleration among people of different religions. This ultimately led to the idea of Sulh-I Kul which means universal peace.

17. Divide the Akbar’s reign into three periods and give details about them.

Ans: Following is the division of Akbar’s reign -

a. 1556 - 1570: During this period, Akbar got rid of the Bairam Khan and other domestic staff. To suppress the revolt started by his half-brother, Uzbeks and Mirza Hakim, he launched the military campaign against the Suris and Afghans of neighbouring Malwa and Gondwana. He seized Chittor in 1568 and Ranthambhore in1569.

b. 1570 - 1585: During this period military campaigns in Gujarat were carried out and followed by campaigns in Orissa, Bengal and Bihar. This campaign got complicated by 1580in support of the Mirza Hakim.

c. 1585 - 1605: This was the period during which the empire was on the mode of expansion in the northwest. He seized Qandahar from the Safavids rulers. Kabul was brought under the control after the death of Mirza Hakim. After this, campaigns in Deccan got started which ultimately led to the annexation of Ahmednagar, Berar and Khandesh etc.

18. What were the features of Sulh-i-Kul?

Ans: The idea of Sulh-i-Kul meant Universal Peace. It is based on the notion of toleration and not discrimination among people of different religions. It emphasized justice, peace, honesty as they are universally applicable values.

19. Why did the Mughal emphasize their Timurid and not the Mughal descent?

Ans: From the mother’s side Mughals were the descendants of the ruler of Mongol tribes, Genghis Khan but they didn’t like to be associated with Mongols because they killed innumerable people. Whereas on the father’s side, they succeeded Timur, the ruler of Iraq, Iran and Present-day Turkey. They were proud to be called Timurid because of their good name in history.

20. What was the role of zamindar in the Mughal administration?

Ans: Zamindars were appointed by Mughal rulers to collect taxes from the peasants. Zamindars were the powerful local chieftains who had the trust of local peasants and workers. Moreover, they also utilized the peasants support in carrying out a rebellion against the Mughal authority in case of exploitation.

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