Important Questions for CBSE Class 8 Social Science Our Past 3 Chapter 8 - The Making of the National Movement: 1870s -1947

Very Short Answer Questions: (1 Marks)

1. Fill in the Blanks: 

(i) ______ authored the book Poverty and Un-British Rule. 

(ii) ______ used to edit the Marathi newspaper. 

(iii) In August____ , the quit India movement started. 

(iv) The ______leaders did not believe in extreme actions.

Ans: 

(i) Dadabhai Naoroji 

(ii) Bal Gangadhar tilak 

(iii) 1942 

(iv) Moderate

2. State True and False.

(i) The Simon commission had two Indian representatives. 

(ii) Subhash Chandra Bose was not a moderate leader. 

(iii) After the partition of Bengal the swadeshi movement started. 

(iv) The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in Amritsar.

Ans: 

(i) False 

(ii) True 

(iii) True 

(iv) True

3. Match the Following:

Ans: 

(i) 1919 

(ii) 1927 

(iii) 1930 

(iv) 1906

4. Choose the Correct Option. 

(i) ______ was the free India‟s first governor general. 

(a) Motilal Nehru 

(b) Lala Lajpat Rai 

(c) C. Rajagopalchari 

(d) Sardar Ballabbhai Patel 

(ii) ________ became the first woman president of Indian National Congress. 

(a) Sarojini Naidu 

(b) Kamla Nehru 

(c) Kasturba Gandhi 

(d) None of the above 

Ans: 

(i) C. Rajgopalachari 

(ii) Sarojini Naidu 

5. Define the Following 

(i) Sovereign 

(ii) Sarvajanik 

Ans: 

(i) Sovereignty is the ability to act autonomously without interference from others.

(ii) Sarvajanik is a Hindi word that translates as "of or for the people”.

Short Answer Questions: (2 Marks)

6. What was the demand of Muslim League in 1940? 

Ans: The Muslim League resolution of 1940 called for the establishment of autonomous nations for Muslims in the country's northwestern and eastern regions. 

7. What was the misconception in the mind of the leaders of the Congress during British India? 

Ans: Since the British valued justice and freedom, the leaders of the Congress believed that they would accept the Indians' demands. 

8. Who were called “Lal-Bal-Pal”? 

Ans: For revolution against the British, Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bepin Chandra Pal were dubbed “Lal-Bal-Pal.”

9. When did the Non-Cooperation movement strengthen? 

Ans: Between 1921 and 1922, the Non-Cooperation Movement gained traction in several sections of India. Many Indians abandoned their schools and careers to join the liberation struggle. 

10. Who was A.O.Hume? What was his role in the history of India? 

Ans: A.O.Hume was a British administrator who gathered Indians from various locations together.

Short Answer Questions: (3 Marks)

11. When did the British start to accept the demand of the Indians? 

Ans: In the 1937 elections, the Congress won in seven of the eleven provinces. This occurred in the wake of the "Quit India" agitation, which resulted in the British gradually conceding the Indians' quest for freedom.

12. Discuss the demands of the Congress when it was newly formed. 

Ans: The following were the Congress's demands:

1. Congress requested a more prominent role in administration and governing.

2. Congress asked that the judiciary and the executive be separated.

3. They wanted a reduction in the military budget as well as increased funding for irrigation.

4. Congress demanded that revenue be decreased. 

13. Why did the British divide Bengal? 

Ans: Bengal was a relatively large state prior to its breakup. It included parts of Bihar and Orissa. The British split Bengal in order to improve administration. In general, the division of Bengal was solely for the benefit of industrialists and the administration. Another key reason for dividing Bengal was that the British wished to divide its politicians and people. 

14. What was the demand of Muslim League? 

Ans: The Muslim League resolution of 1940 called for the establishment of autonomous nations for Muslims in the country's northwestern and eastern regions. They were afraid of being oppressed by the Hindus. This resulted in a societal schism between Hindus and Muslims. 

15. What was the idea of the Indian National Congress? 

Ans: The Indian National Congress wanted to advocate for equal rights for all Indians without regard to class, caste, creed, colour, gender, or language. They thought that India and its resources did not belong to anyone class or society, but rather to all of India's communities.

Long Answer Questions: (5 Marks)

16. What was the impact of the First World War on Indians? 

Ans: The First World War had a significant impact on India's economic and political environment. This time saw a significant increase as a result of the Government of India's increased defense spending, which resulted in higher taxes on individuals and corporations. The rising commodity prices have made life difficult for the average person. As a result of the war, demand for industrial items increased, resulting in a further decrease in European goods shipped into India. As a result, Indian industries were able to boost their output. 

17. How can you say that the leaders of the Congress were moderates? Express your views. 

Ans: Congress was moderate in its procedures and goals following its establishment and throughout the next twenty years. Moderate leaders included Dadabhai Naoroji, W.C.Bonnerjee, Romesh Chandra Dutt, and S. Subramania Iyer. In their fight against the British, they chose nonviolence. These politicians aimed to raise public awareness about the inequitable nature of British rule. They accomplished this by establishing newspapers and writing articles that illustrated how British control was harming the Indian economy. They believed that because the British respected justice and freedom, they would accept the Indians' demands. As a result, they felt compelled to express their demands in order to make the administration aware of the Indian attitude. 

18. How did the moderates and radicals have different thoughts for the British? Explain. 

Ans: In various areas, the Radicals' politics in Congress differed from those of the Moderates. The Moderates were chastised by the Radicals for being too nice to the British by opting for nonviolence. They insisted on fighting for freedom by unconventional means. Maharashtra, Bengal, and Punjab were hotbeds of the radical movement. Before Gandhi entered politics, leaders such as Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bepin Chandra Pal were dubbed "Lal Bal Pal" for their resistance to the British. They were adamant that the people should rely on their own power rather than the good intentions of the British. 

19. Discuss the role of Mahatma Gandhi in the eyes of people during the freedom struggle. 

Ans: Mahatma Gandhi was viewed as a rescuer with the capacity to liberate India from British rule and to assist the people in overcoming poverty and sorrow. The peasants also expected Gandhiji to help them in their revolt against the zamindars. The peasants of Pratapgarh were tremendously inspired by Gandhiji because they believed he was the one who put an end to the illegal deportation of tenants. As a result, Gandhiji was seen as a potent icon in their quest for independence. 

20. Why were the people dissatisfied with British rule? 

Ans: People were dissatisfied with British rule for a variety of reasons in the 1870s and 1880s, some of which are as follows:

1. The Arms Act of 1878 prohibited Indians from possessing firearms.

2. The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 authorized the government to seize any newspaper's assets, including printing facilities if they published anything "objectionable”. 

In 1883, the government attempted to establish the Ilbert Bill, which would have permitted Indians to try British or European citizens. However, whites opposed the Bill and demanded that the government rescind it.

What are the Benefits of Important Questions from Vedantu for Class 8 Social Chapter 8 - The Making of the National Movement: 1870s -1947

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Conclusion

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