NCERT Books for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 -Free PDF Download
FAQs on NCERT Books Free Download for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 - Excretory Products and their Elimination
1. How is Vedantu helpful for Class 11 Biology?
Experts specially curate the study material found on Vedantu. This is why it is the most trustworthy academic site used by lakhs of students. You can download Vedantu’s app too to check out all that they have to offer. A detailed explanation of all the chapters is provided alongside the important questions that can be asked from it. In case of any doubts, you can ask experienced teachers for help. Sample papers and revision notes have also been provided to enable students to pass their exams with flying colours.
2. What are the most important topics of Chapter 19 of Class 11 Biology?
Chapter 19 of NCERT Biology - Excretory Products and their Elimination deals with waste and the process of its excretion from the human body. The most important topics covered in the chapter are the structure of the kidney, the steps of urine formation, counter-current mechanisms, and the JuxtaGlomerular (JGA) apparatus. You have to be familiar with the products that are excreted, secreted, and reabsorbed. The diagrams from this chapter are also quite important. Often, students are also asked diagram-based questions.
3. What are the steps of urine formation?
There are three main steps involved in the process of urine formation. The first step is the filtration of blood, which is carried out by the glomerulus and is thus termed glomerular filtration. It is a type of ultrafiltration done under great hydrostatic pressure. Only plasma from the blood is allowed to enter the renal tubules. The plasma proteins are also left behind. The other two processes are namely reabsorption and secretion, and these take place in different parts of the nephron such as the Henle’s loop, PCT, and DCT.
4. Enumerate the functions of the proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) works to increase the surface area for reabsorption. A huge chunk of electrolytes and water is reabsorbed from this segment of the nephron. Selective secretion of hydrogen ions, ammonium ions, and potassium ions into the filtrate is also carried out by the PCT. On the other hand, conditional reabsorption of Na+ and water takes place in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). However, the main function of DCT is to maintain the pH of blood alongside the sodium-potassium balance.
5. How do you treat acute renal failure?
In the initial stages of renal failure, dialysis is suggested. In dialysis, blood is drained from an artery and is then pumped into a dialysing unit after the addition of an anticoagulant. The most common anticoagulant used in modern practice is heparin. However, in severe cases, the only method of treatment is a kidney transplant. A functioning kidney is obtained from an eligible donor, generally a close relative. This minimizes the chance of rejection by the immune system of the host.
