LPG Full Form

The full form of LPG is Liquid Petroleum Gas. It is a flammable fuel gas that is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases - butane and propane. It is a clean, portable and efficient energy resource. The Liquid Petroleum Gas (full form LPG), is used as a fuel for cooking equipment, heating appliances, and vehicles. The use of LPG as a refrigerant and an aerosol propellant is increasing day by day as it does not damage the ozone layer as much as chlorofluorocarbons do. The unique properties of LPG make it a versatile energy resource that can be used in 1000 different ways in 1000 different applications.

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LPG Gas Full Form - Composition

There are many varieties of LPG that are available and sold in the market. The LPG includes the mix of mostly butane (C4H10) and propane (C3H8) and these are used as individual gases too. In the northern hemisphere, mostly butane is used in the summers and propane in the winters. In the United States, two grades of LPG are commercialised and sold - commercial propane and HD - 5. In India, a mix of butane and propane is available as Liquid Petroleum Gas (full form LPG).

In Liquid petroleum gas (full form LPG), small concentrations of Propylene, butylenes and various other hydrocarbons are also present such as C2H6 ,CH4, and C3H8.  A powerful odorant, ethanethiol is also added in LPG so that the leaks(if any) can be detected easily.  The internationally recognized European Standard for the odorant is EN 589. In the US, tetrahydrothiophene (thiophane) or amyl mercaptan are approved as odorants but none of them is used currently.

LPG Production

Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG gas full form) is prepared by refining the petroleum or the “wet” natural gas. It was first produced by Dr. Walter Snelling in 1910 and the first commercial product was launched in the year 1912. The liquid petroleum gas (LPG long form) is derived entirely from fossil fuel resources. It is produced during the refining of crude oil or is extracted from natural gas streams.

LPG: Available Form

As the boiling point of liquid petroleum gas (the full form of LPG) is below the room temperature and heat, it evaporates quickly at room temperature and pressure. Hence, it is supplied in pressurised steel or iron vessels. The vessels are filled around 85% as the LPG present inside it may have thermal expansion. The ratio of volumes between the liquid and the vaporized gas depends on the composition, pressure, and temperature. Though it varies, it is approximately around 250:1. The pressure at which, the liquid petroleum gas (LPG full form gas) becomes liquid is called vapour pressure and varies depending on the composition and temperature. LPG is heavier than air and tends to settle in low spots. This property of liquid petroleum gas has two major drawbacks:

1. There is a high chance of explosion if the mixture of LPG and air is within the limits of explosion and there is an ignition source.

2. The liquid petroleum gas (full form for LPG) can displace air, decreasing the oxygen concentration which may result in suffocation.

LPG: Uses

The Liquid Petroleum Gas (full form LPG) has a lot of uses. It is majorly used for cooking and heating purposes. It is also used in agriculture, hospitality, industrial, construction, fishing and recreation sectors. LPG is a cost-effective and efficient source of energy.

Cooking

Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG abbreviations) is efficiently used for cooking not only in India but in many other countries. There are 215 million users of LPG in India with a circulation of 350 million LPG cylinders. In India, the LPG market is carved up between three public sector brands - Indane, owned by Indian Oil Corporation; HP Gas, owned by Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) and Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC); and Bharat Gas owned by Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), Government of India.

LPG was a standard cooking fuel in Hong Kong but now the usage has been reduced to 24% with the expansion of Towngas. It is also the most common cooking fuel in the Brazilian urban areas except the LPGan cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. LPG is also used extensively in North America for cooking and grilling.

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Rural Heating

Liquid petroleum gas (LPG full form gas) is used as an alternative to electric heating, heating oil or kerosene in Europe and many other countries. It is also used as a power source for combined heat and power technologies (CHP).

Motor Fuel

LPG is used as an autogas as a fuel in internal combustion engines. The LPG fuel oil mix reduces smoke emissions and fuel consumption and increases hydrocarbon emissions. The advantage of using LPG as autogas is that it is non - toxic, non - corrosive, tetraethyl lead or additives free and has a high octane rating of 102–108 RON. In the LPGian market, vehicles with only LPG fuel and vehicles with dual fuel are available. 

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Refrigeration

Liquid Petroleum Gas (full form for LPG) provides off the grid refrigeration in the form of a gas absorption refrigerator. LPG, in the form of blended, pure, dry propane and isobutane, serves as the replacement of R-12, R-22, R-134a and other chlorofluorocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants.