NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

1. Multiple choice questions. 

(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by the decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?

(a) coal (b) bauxite (c) gold (d) zinc

Ans: (b) bauxite 

(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?

(a) bauxite (b) mica (c) iron ore (d) copper

Ans: (b) Mica

(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the strata of which of the following rocks? 

(a) sedimentary rocks (b) metamorphic rocks

(c) igneous rocks (d) none of the above

Ans: (a) sedimentary rocks 

(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand? 

(a) oil (b) uranium (c) thorium (d) coal

Ans: (c) thorium

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words. 

(i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words. 

(a) ferrous and non-ferrous minerals 

(b) conventional and non-conventional sources of energy

(ii) What is a mineral? 

(iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks? 

(iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Ans: 

(i)

(a) Ferrous minerals are metallic minerals that include iron, such as iron ore, manganese, nickel, and cobalt.

Non-ferrous minerals, which are also metallic, do not contain iron. Examples include gold, copper, zinc, and others.

(b) Conventional sources of energy consist of firewood, cattle dung cake, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and electricity (both hydel and thermal).

Non-conventional sources of energy include solar power, wind energy, tidal power, geothermal energy, biogas, and atomic energy.

(ii) A mineral is a natural substance found in the Earth that has a specific chemical composition and structure. Minerals are solid and formed through geological processes over millions of years. They can be found in rocks and soil and are important because they provide essential elements for various uses, such as building materials, metals for industries, and nutrients for plants and animals. Examples of minerals include quartz, feldspar, iron ore, and diamond.

(iii) Minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks can be found in cracks, crevices, faults, or joints. Smaller deposits are known as veins, while larger ones are called lodes.

(iv) Mineral deposits are only one percent of the Earth’s crust. It is crucial to conserve mineral resources because the natural processes that create minerals are extremely slow, resulting in replenishment rates that are much lower than our current rate of consumption.

3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i) Describe the distribution of coal in India. 

(ii) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?

Ans: 

(i) In India, coal is found in rock formations from two main geological ages:

1. Gondwana (approximately 200 million years old)

2. Tertiary deposits (approximately 55 million years old)

The major Gondwana coal resources are located in:

• Damodar Valley (West Bengal – Jharkhand), where Jharia, Raniganj, and Bokaro are significant coalfields.

• Godavari valley

• Mahanadi valley

• Son valley

• Wardha valley

Tertiary coal deposits are found in the northeastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Nagaland.

(ii) Solar energy holds promise in India due to our tropical climate, offering vast opportunities for harnessing solar power. It is gaining popularity in rural and remote areas. India's largest solar power plant, located near Bhuj at Madhapur, uses solar energy to sterilise milk cans. Solar energy adoption is expected to reduce rural dependency on firewood and dung cakes, promoting environmental conservation and enhancing agricultural productivity through adequate manure supply. Solar energy is a renewable and non-conventional energy source. Its widespread use not only benefits the environment but also reduces our reliance on oil and gas.

Topics Covered in Geography Class 10 Chapter 5 - Minerals and Energy Resources

Benefits of  Referring to Geography Class 10 Chapter 5 Question Answer 

• From Class 10 Minerals And Energy Resources Question Answer students can understand how minerals and energy resources are distributed across India, crucial for their deep understanding of the concepts.

• By referring to Minerals And Energy Resources Class 10 Questions And Answers students will get to know manufacturing, and energy production improving knowledge retention.

• Ensures exam preparation and identification of knowledge gaps from Class 10, and ensures students know long-term availability.

• Students can improve their critical thinking skills by analysing the economic, social, and environmental factors that are explained in Mineral And Energy Resources Class 10 Question Answer.

Important Study Material Links for Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Conclusion

NCERT Solutions for Geography Class 10 Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources provides a deep understanding of the vital role minerals and energy play in our lives. Minerals And Energy Resources Class 10 Solutions covers essential topics such as the types of minerals, their distribution in India, and the significance of energy resources. For exam preparation, practice solving questions on resource distribution, environmental impacts of mining, and the benefits of renewable energy. This will enhance your understanding and help you excel in your examinations.

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