Question

a) Draw the structure of a nephron and label the following: Glomerulus, Bowman capsule, renal artery, collecting duct,
b) What happen to glucose that enters the nephron along with the filtrate

Answer 1

Hint: Nephron is the microscopic structure, and it is the basic and functional unit of the kidney, This nephron comprises the renal corpuscle and renal tubule, and in the renal corpuscle, there is a tuft of capillaries called glomerulus and is enclosed by the bowman's capsule, and the tubules extend from it and form the tubular part of the nephron, a healthy kidney usually consists of 1.5 million nephrons.

Complete answer:

a) Kidneys are made up of nephrons and it consists of the renal corpuscle and renal tubule.

> Renal corpuscle: It consists of a glomerulus and bowman's capsule, where the blood for filtration enters the glomerulus and filtered blood enters the bowman's capsule and it is connected to the tubular part.

> Renal tubule: The tubular part of the nephron, which starts with the proximal convoluted tubule, and it has descendent and ascendant part of the loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct.
Proximal and distal convoluted tubules are located in the renal cortex, while the loop of Henle is located in the renal medulla.

b) Glucose is the small molecule, so it may enter the nephron through filtrate, where the glucose enters the tubules undergo reabsorption, along with water and some important ions, and it is transported and returned back to the blood again.

Note: In the nephron, once the blood is filtered from the glomerulus, it enters the distal convoluted tubule, and where selective reabsorption and excretion of ions and water takes place, and the maximum reabsorption, takes in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney.