Question

What is a neutralisation reaction ? Give two examples.

Answer 1

Hint: The neutralization reaction is the one in which an acid reacts with an equimolar amount of base to give salt and water.
The example could be a reaction between any strong acid and a base. The sodium chloride formed is a result of neutralization reaction.

Complete step by step answer:
Let us start by writing the definition of neutralisation reactions.
The neutralization reaction is the one in which an acid reacts with an equimolar amount of base to give salt and water. In neutralization reactions, the ${H^ + }$ of the acid combines with $O{H^ - }$ ions of the base to form water and other reactants form the specific salt.
The neutralization reaction has a pH of 7. So, it can be tested using a pH paper.

Some of the examples of the neutralization reaction are as -
Ex. 1:- The reaction of HCl and NaOH. The HCl is a strong acid that dissociates as -
$HCl \to {H^ + } + C{l^ - }$
The NaOH on other hand is also a strong base that dissociates as -
$NaOH \to N{a^ + } + O{H^ - }$
So, both will react to give NaCl and water as -
$HCl + NaOH \to NaCl + {H_2}O$

Ex. 2:- The second reaction is the reaction of magnesium hydroxide with HCl. The magnesium hydroxide is also known as milk of magnesia and it dissociates as -
$Mg{(OH)_2} \to M{g^{ + 2}} + 2O{H^ - }$
The HCl will dissociate as -
$HCl \to {H^ + } + C{l^ - }$
So, they both will react to form magnesium chloride along with water. The reaction is given as -
$Mg{(OH)_2} + 2HCl \to MgC{l_2} + 2{H_2}O$

Note: It must be noted that it is not mandatory for neutralization reaction to have a pH value of exact 7. It can be near to 7 also because during experiments, many other factors also need to be taken care of like temp, pressure and concentration to have the stable rate.