Question

A process in which the working substance neither received nor gives heat to its surroundings during expansion or compression is called:
(A) Isothermal process
(B) Hyperbolic process
(C) Adiabatic process
(D) none of the above

Answer 1

Hint: A specific portion of matter with a definite boundary on which is observed is called a thermodynamic system. A closed surface surrounding a system through which energy and mass may enter or leave the system is a boundary and which interacts with the system are surroundings. There are many types of thermodynamic processes in a system that have their unique properties.

Complete step by step answer:
When a system undergoes a thermodynamic process with some energetic change within the system which is associated with changes in pressure, volume, heat, and internal energy.

Different types of thermodynamic process are:
(1) Constant volume or isochoric process: the temperature and pressure will increase in a system when the gas is heated at constant volume, then the process is known as the isochoric process. No external work is completed by the gas because there’s no change in volume. The heat given to the gas is stored as the internal energy of the system.

(2) Isothermal process or constant temperature process:
In this process, the temperature of the working substance during expansion or compression remains constant. This isothermal process will happen there is no change in the temperature and no change in internal energy.

(3) Hyperbolic process:
A process, in which the gas is heated or expanded such that the product of its pressure and volume remains constant, is known as the hyperbolic process.

(4) Adiabatic process or isentropic process:
This process will happen if the working substance remains thermally insulated which means no heat enters or leaves during the process.
Hence, a process in which the working substance neither received nor gives heat to its surroundings during expansion or compression is called an adiabatic process.
So, the correct answer is “Option C”.

Note: There are three types of systems: isolated system, closed system, an open system. The system may be a region containing energy or matter which is separated from its surroundings by arbitrarily imposed walls or boundaries and these boundaries may be real, or imaginary, fixed, or deformable.