Question

What are the final products of digestion?

Answer 1

Hint: In the digestive system of humans the nutrition in human beings takes place. The human digestive system consists of an alimentary canal and its glands. The alimentary canal which runs from mouth to anus is about 9 metres in length.

Complete answer:
The digestion of food refers to the breakdown of food into simpler substances that can be easily absorbed by our body. It takes place in the alimentary canal. Let us discuss the path of the food in the alimentary canal.
The ingestion of food takes place in the mouth and the food enters into the mouth with the help of hands.
Digestion takes place in the mouth cavity. Teeth help us in cutting the food substance into small pieces. Tongue helps to chew the food and mix with the saliva. Salivary glands secrete saliva which contains an enzyme salivary amylase which digest the starch present in food into sugar.
Then food enters into the stomach through the oesophagus.
Stomach secretes gastric juices when food enters and gastric juice is secreted by gastric glands which contain three components: HCL, pepsin, and mucus.
HCL helps in killing the germs and softens the hard part of food and provides acidic medium for the protein digestion by the help of pepsin. Mucus prevents the stomach from the action of pepsin and HCL.
Then, the food enters in a small intestine and the liver starts secreting bile juice and pancreas secretes pancreatic juice. Bile provides an alkaline medium and converts large fat molecules into tiny molecules. Pancreatic juice secretes three types of enzyme trypsin, pancreatic amylase, and lipase.
Trypsin is a protein digesting enzyme and helps to convert protein into amino acids.
Pancreatic amylase helps to convert carbohydrate into glucose.
Lipase is a fat digesting enzyme and helps to convert fats into fatty acid glycerol.
Then the food enters into the large intestine, which is not digested in the small intestine and water is absorbed and then the food becomes solid and released from our body.

Thus, we can say that the end product of digestion is that complex carbohydrates are broken down into simpler carbohydrates like monosaccharides glucose, fructose etc. Fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol and protein are broken down into amino acids, peptides.

Note –
Digestion is very important for our body in which food is broken down into the essential nutrients and our body uses them in cell repair, growth energy. Blood absorbs all the nutrients and carries them to the cells throughout the body.