Question

What are the two types of bone tissue? How do they differ in structure and function?

Answer 1

Hint: Bones are a type of connective tissue which are rigid and compact. They protect and support the organs of the body and help in mobility.

Complete answer:
Two types of bone tissue are there: compact and spongy. The names imply that in density, or how tightly the tissue is packed together the two types differ. There are three cell types that contribute to the homeostasis of the bone. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells, bone-resorbing or breaking down osteoclasts, and mature bone cells are osteocytes. Bone tissue is maintained by a balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Compact bone consists of Haversian systems or osteons that are closely packed. The osteon is made up of a central channel called the osteonic (haversian) channel, surrounded by matrix concentration rings (lamellae). Bone cells (osteocytes) are located between the rings of the matrix in spaces called lacunae. To provide passages through the hard matrix, small channels (canaliculi) radiate from the lacunae to the osteonic (haversian) canal.
Spongy bone The spongy bone is lighter than the compact bone and less dense. The spongy bone consists of trabeculae and bone bars adjacent to small irregular cavities containing the red marrow of the bone. Instead of a central Haversian channel, the canaliculi connect to the adjacent cavities to receive their blood supply. Trabeculae may appear to be arranged in a haphazard manner, but they are organized to provide maximum strength comparable to braces used to support a building.

Note: 1.Compact bone tissues are present where stress is applied in a few directions.
2.Spongy bones reduce bone density.