Question

Assertion: Closed circulatory system is less efficient than an open circulatory system.
Reason: The blood flow is slow in a closed circulatory system then an open circulatory system.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct but the reason isn’t the correct explanation for the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Both assertion and reason are incorrect.

Answer 1

Hint: We have 2 kinds of the circulatory system in organisms. As the blood flow can be regulated effectively the closed circulatory system is more efficient and also the blood flow is quite rapid in this circulatory system. While the other is. e the open circulatory system is less efficient as the blood flow cannot be regulated and the blood flow is slow in an open circulatory system.

Complete step by step answer:
A system that is made up of blood vessels that carry blood away from and towards the heart is called the circulatory system. In the circulatory system, arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood back to the heart along with oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, and removes waste products, like carbon dioxide.
As we know the circulatory system is effectively a network of cylindrical vessels (the arteries, veins, and capillaries) that emanate from a pump (the heart) , in all vertebrate organisms, as well as some invertebrates, a closed-loop system can be found. In this system, the blood is not moving freely in a cavity as it is contained inside blood vessels, circulating unidirectionally (in one direction) from the heart around the systemic circulatory route, then returning to the heart again.

In contrast to a closed system, an open circulatory system is seen in arthropods (including insects, crustaceans, and most mollusks) . The blood is not enclosed in the blood vessels but is pumped into a cavity called a hemocoel in an open circulatory system. Here the blood is called hemolymph because it mixes with the interstitial fluid. The hemolymph circulates the organs within the body cavity as the heartbeats and the animal moves, reentering the heart through openings called Ostia. During this movement gas and nutrients are allowed to exchange. This system does not use as much energy to operate and maintain as a closed system. Birds that have a closed circulatory system are thought to have moved more agilely, allowing them to obtain food faster and possibly to prey on the insects.
So, the correct answer is, ‘both the assertion and the reason are incorrect’.

Note: Oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells are carried by the circulatory system, and also it removes waste products, like carbon dioxide. Some diseases that can affect the circulatory system include atherosclerosis, hardening of the arteries, Heart attack, Mitral valve prolapse, Mitral valve regurgitation, Mitral stenosis, Angina pectoris, Arrhythmia and dysrhythmia, Cardiac Ischemia, etc.