Question

Assertion: Newton’s law of universal gravitation states that a particle attracts every other particle in the universe using a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Reason: Law of gravitation is analogous to magnetic force between the moving charges.
A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
C. Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect
D. Both Assertion and reason are incorrect

Answer 1

Hint: Newton’s law of universal gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force which is directly proportional to the product of the masses and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
Formula Used: $F=G{\displaystyle \frac{m_1{m}_2}{r^2}}$

Complete answer:
Each body in the universe attracts other bodies towards itself with a force known as gravitational force, in other words we can say that gravitation is the study of the interaction between masses. According to Newton’s law of universal gravitation, every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force whose magnitude is directly proportional to the product of their masses and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres.
Mathematically it is given as,
$F=G{\displaystyle \frac{m_1{m}_2}{r^2}}$
Where ‘F’ is the gravitational force between two objects measured in Newton, ‘G’ is the gravitational constant, ‘$m_1$’ and ‘$m_2$’ are the masses of the body and ‘r’ is the separation between the two masses.
Now, in the given question assertion is the statement of Newton's law of universal gravitation which is correct. But, the reason that the law of gravitation is analogous to magnetic force between the moving charges is not correct.

Hence, option (C) is the correct answer.

Note:
The mass of an object is the measure of how much material is in an object and weight of body is the measure of the gravitational force exerted on the material in a gravitational field. Mass and weight are proportional to each other. The value of the acceleration due to gravity ‘g’ is different at different places on the surface of the earth.