Question

What do buffers do and why are they important in biological systems?

Answer 1

Hint: The state of the substances in which the substances are neither too acidic nor too basic in nature are known as the Buffer. The Buffers are helpful and are combined in the solutions so as to maintain the pH of the solution.

Complete answer
The buffer is generally found in the human blood in the case of the biological systems. The Buffer salts absorb the acidity of the basicity of the blood and thus results in the maintenance of the normal or neutral pH. The concentration of the hydrogen ions present in the blood remains constant after the addition of buffers.
The most common and important component of the buffer present in the blood is the sodium carbonate which helps the blood to maintain the pH level at a normal level. Another important component of the buffer that is present in the blood is the Potassium. Other components of the buffer include the plasma proteins, haemoglobin, bicarbonate, and phosphate are found in the blood. The metabolic acids are buffered by the presence of the bicarbonates while the carbonate compounds are helpful in buffering the haemoglobin present in the blood. In the carbonic acid, the hydronium and the bicarbonate anion are present in a constant range. This carbonic acid will result in the production of the carbon dioxide gas and water which are maintained in equilibrium.
The regulation of Carbon dioxide regulation in the blood is important as in strenuous conditions it is required. The hemoglobin molecule is bonded together with the help of the hydronium and oxygen when they are present in the equilibrium state. If the hydronium ion is increased then the oxygen will also increase causing a change in the state of the equilibrium. Thus the oxygen released here is utilized by the cells and various body organs.

Note:
The blood presence of the buffer is very important. The increase or decrease in the level of the pH of the blood may even lead to the death of the person. In various chemicals, the blood is also used to act as a buffer. The pH ranges from the level of 7.35 and 7.45 in the case of the blood.