Question

Calculate the mass percentage of deuterium in heavy water.

Answer 1

Hint:
Mass percentage is the way of representing the concentration of part during a compound or a component during a mixture. Mass percentage is calculated because the mass of the component divided by the full mass of the mixture, multiplied by $100$.

Complete step by step answer:
Heavy water \[\left( {{D_2}O} \right)\;\] is also called deuterium oxide. Heavy water may be a sort of water that contains only deuterium (H or D, also referred to as heavy hydrogen) instead of the common hydrogen that creates up most of the hydrogen in normal water.
Deuterium, the hydrogen isotope, incorporates a mass double of that of ordinary hydrogen.
We know,
The molar mass of any element may be determined by finding the mass of the element on the periodic table.
 Going by this way, we can say that
The molecular weight of \[{D_2}O = 2\left( 2 \right) + 16 = 20\;g/mol\]
The percentage weight of deuterium in heavy water is $ = $ (mass of deuterium $/$ total mass of heavy water)$ \times 100$
$\
   = (4/20) \times 100 \\
   = 20\% \\
 $


Note:The presence of the heavier hydrogen isotope gives the water different nuclear properties, and also the increase of mass gives it slightly different physical and chemical properties when put next to normal water
Deuterium could be a hydrogen isotope with a nucleus containing a neutron and a proton the nucleus of a protium (normal hydrogen) atom consists of just a proton. the extra neutron makes a deuterium atom roughly twice as heavy as a protium atom.
A molecule of deuterium oxide has two deuterium atoms in situ of the 2 protium atoms of ordinary light water. the burden of a significant water molecule, however, isn't substantially different from that of a standard water molecule, because about almost ninety percent of the mass of water comes from the one oxygen atom instead of the 2 hydrogen atoms