Question

How do cells prepare for mitosis while in interphase?

Answer 1

Hint: In eukaryotic cells, the cell cycle is split into two major phases: interphase and mitosis. Interphase is the longest part of the cell cycle. This can be when the cell grows and copies its DNA before getting into mitosis. During mitosis, chromosomes will align, separate, and get in new daughter cells.

Complete answer:
$G_1$ Phase (First Gap): During this stage, the cell is active at biochemical level. Cells grow and accumulate building blocks of chromosomal DNA and associated proteins together with energy reserves to copy each chromosome within the nucleus.

S Phase (Synthesis of DNA): The synthesis phase of interphase takes the longest thanks to the complexity of the genetic material being duplicated. Throughout the process of interphase, nuclear DNA remains in a semi-condensed chromatin configuration. Within the S phase, DNA replication leads to formation of identical pairs of DNA molecules, sister chromatids. Centrosome gets duplicated during this phase. Two centrosomes bring about a mitotic spindle.

$G_2$ Phase (Second Gap): during this, the cell replenishes its energy stores and synthesizes proteins necessary for chromosome manipulation. Few of the cell organelles get duplicated, and cytoskeleton gets dismantled to produce resources for the mitotic phase. The ultimate preparations need to be completed before the cell is ready to enter the primary stage of mitosis.
The Mitotic Phase and also the G0 Phase: During the multistep mitotic phase, the cell organ divides, and also the cell components split into two identical daughter cells.

Note: The Mitotic Phase: The mitotic phase is often defined as a multistep process within which duplicated chromosomes get aligned, separated, and also come in two new identical daughter cells. The primary portion of the mitotic phase is called karyokinesis or nuclear division. The second portion of the mitotic phase, called cytokinesis, is that the physical separation of the cytoplasmic components into the 2 daughter cells.