Question

Choose the word which is closest to the opposite in meaning to the italicised word and fill in the blank.
Elevation and ____________ are important features of geographical study.
A. Reduction
B. Compression
C. Retardation
D. Depression

Answer 1

Hint: The italicized word here is ‘elevation’ which means a state of being raised to a higher position or rank, a higher ground, difference between bottom and top of something. Example: The elevation of the building is large.

Complete step by step answer:
Let us analyze each option to know the correct answer.

Reduction: The word reduction means a decrease in a value or entity, the action of being less. Example: The reduction in the prices of real estate has caused a worrying situation for the owners. This is not the intended answer.
Compression: The word ‘compression’ means the act or state of being compressed, which means to save space or reduce something in size to have more room, to make something smaller. Example: These files need compression to get uploaded. This does not mean the opposite of the word ‘elevation’.
Retardation: The word ‘retardation’ means the state or process of being retarded which means the slowness in progress or development. It also means intellectual disability, hindrance. Example: The chemical caused retardation in the growth of the cells. This does not mean the opposite of the given word.
Depression: The word ‘depression’ means the state or act of being depressed which means a reduction in level or declined strength. Clinically, it is a state of utter sadness and anxiety in an individual. Example: The short circuit caused a depression in electronic appliances. This is the opposite of the meaning of the word ‘elevation’.

So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Note:
Do not confuse the correct answer with the word ‘reduction’, as we do not intend the meaning like a decrease in a value or the act of lessening. The state of being raised is elevation, therefore, a decline in level will be its opposite meaning. Some more synonyms of the same word are rise, upgrade, promotion. Some of its antonyms are degradation, demotion. Example: There has been a degradation in his rank due to his poor performance.