Question

Compare and contrast Xylem and phloem

Answer 1

Hint: Xylem and phloem are two different sorts of vascular tissues that are involved mainly in the process of transportation. These tissues tend to make a vascular bundle and work together in a type of single unit.

Complete answer:
Xylem is a conducting tissue that is responsible for the transport of water while a phloem is a conducting tissue that is responsible for the transport of food in plants.
There are many differences seen between xylem and phloem. Those differences are mentioned below.

Xylem	Phloem
Xylem transports soluble minerals and water molecules.	Phloem helps in transporting food and other nutrients like sugar and amino acids.
Water is absorbed by the roots and is transported to the aerial parts of the plant like the stem and leaves.	Food is formed in the leaves from where it is transported to the storage organs and the growing parts of the plants.
Xylem tissues are composed mainly of dead cells.	Phloem tissues are mainly composed of living cells.
Transportation in the xylem is unidirectional from roots to leaves.	Transportation in phloem is bidirectional from leaves to various plant parts.
Xylem provides mechanical strength to the plant.	Phloem transports the sugar in the storage organs.
Xylem is known to be responsible for the amount of water loss through transpiration and photosynthesis.	Phloem is responsible for transporting proteins and mRNAs throughout the plant.
Xylem consists of tracheids, vessels, parenchyma, and fibers.	Phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, parenchyma, fibers.

Note:
Xylem has two separate chambers, tracheids and vessels for transporting minerals and water. The transportation of food through phloem requires energy in the form of ATP. The term xylem and phloem were introduced in 1858 by Carl Nägeli. The term "xylem" was derived from the Greek word xylon, meaning "wood”. The term phloem was derived from the Greek word phloios, meaning "bark".