Question

Compare the chemical properties of metal and non-metal with reference to bonding in respective chlorides:
(A) Metals produce chlorides which are electrovalent, non-metals produce chlorides which are electrovalent.
(B) Metals produce chlorides which are covalent, non-metals produce chlorides which are covalent.
(C) Metals produce chlorides which are electrovalent, non-metals produce chlorides which are covalent.
(D) Metals produce chlorides which are covalent, non-metals produce chlorides which are electrovalent.

Answer 1

Hint: In order to find the chemical properties of metal and non-metal with reference to bonding in respective chlorides, we need to know the nature of chloride. Chloride is negatively charged ion which is obtained from chlorine and can combine with other elements. Chlorine is a non-metal and it belongs to the halogen group.

Complete Solution :
- Let us first understand about Chlorides. What are Chlorides? Chlorides are negatively charged ions that are obtained from Chlorine. Chlorides are obtained when chlorine gains an electron. Chlorine is a non-metal that belongs to the halogen group. It has an atomic number of 17 and it is represented by the symbol Cl.
- When two nonmetals combine, it will lead to the formation of Covalent bonds. When a metal and a nonmetal combine, it will lead to the formation of ionic bonds. Ionic bond is also known as electrovalent bond.
- Therefore, Chloride being a non-metal, when it combines with other metal, the formed metal chloride will be Ionic in nature and hence it can conduct electricity.
Similarly, when Chloride combines with other non-metal, the formed non-metal chloride would be covalent in nature and hence it cannot conduct electricity.
So, the correct answer is “Option C”.

Additional Information.
The characteristics properties and application of chlorine is given below:
- Chlorine belongs to the halogen group and it is non-metal.
- It has an atomic number of 17 and electronic configuration of $$[Ne]3s^{2}3p^5$$.
- It has 7 electrons in the outermost orbitals.
- It is the second lightest element among other halogens.
- It is a good oxidising agent.
- Chlorine is an essential nutrient for metabolism.
- It can be used as a disinfectant, antiseptic and for sanitization purposes.

Note:

METALS	NON-METALS
Metals are the substance which can conduct electricity.	Non-metals are substances which cannot conduct electricity.
Metals are sonorous.	Non-metals are not sonorous.
Metals have shiny appearance.	Non-metals have a dull appearance.
Metals have the properties of malleability and ductility.	Non-metals do not have the property of malleability and ductility.