Question

Define the term Calorie. How is it related to Joule?
A) The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by $1^{\circ }$ Celsius, 1 Cal = 4.18 J
B) The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 Kelvin, 4.18 Cal = 1 J
C) The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 Fahrenheit, 4.18 Cal = 1 J
D) The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by $1^{\circ }$Celsius, 1 Cal = 4.18 J

Answer 1

Hint: Energy is a physical quantity which is scalar in nature, i.e. it has only magnitude and no direction. Its SI unit is joule, other units are erg, calorie and litre-atm.

We will use the conversion formula in this question to find out the relation between calorie and joule.

Complete step by step answer:
To raise the temperature of a material, heat energy must be provided to it, the amount of heat energy supplied to a unit mass of an object\material to raise its temperature is called specific heat.
The amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 ${}^{\circ }C$ for example, from 14 ${}^{\circ }C$ to 15 ${}^{\circ }C$ is called one calorie heat.
The conversion formula of Calorie into Joule is
1 calorie = 4.18 J.

Therefore, option A is the correct option.


Additional information:
Calorie;
1 of several units of heat defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius (1 ${}^{\circ }C$ ) at a specified temperature. The calorie used in chemistry and biochemistry is equal to 4.184 joules. Symbol cal.
Other units are erg, Joule, litre atm
The conversion formula for different units of energy is given below.
1 erg = ${10}^{-7}$ J
1 Calorie = 4.18 J
1 litre atm = 24.22 Calorie = 101.325 J

Note:Calorie is a unit of energy which is generally used to describe the energy contained in food. It is also used to describe the amount of energy consumed or released by a body.