Question

Define the term: isotonic solution

Answer 1

Hint: Isotonic solution is the term which is used while comparing two solutions. There are two other terms as well that are hypertonic solution and hypotonic solution. Concentration is used to compare two terms in defining these solutions.

Complete step by step answer:
Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane is known as isotonic solution. Basically both the solutions having the same concentration across the membrane are called isotonic, that is there is the same pressure from both sides so there is a kind of equilibrium obtained that water can flow from one side to other in such a manner that there concentration remains the same.
Similar terms related to isotonic are
1. Hypotonic solution
2. Hypertonic solution
In hypotonic solution osmotic pressure of the solution is lower than the solution across the semipermeable membrane basically in hypotonic, solution have less solute concentration than the other solution across the membrane.
In hypertonic solution osmotic pressure of the solution is higher than the solution across the semipermeable membrane basically in hypertonic, solution have more solute concentration than the other solution across the membrane.

Additional information: Molarity or concentration of a substance is defined as the number of moles of the substance that are present in one liter of the solution.
Molarity$ = \dfrac{{{\text{number of moles}}}}{{1L{\text{ of solution}}}}$

Note:
Osmotic pressure difference creates the solvent of solution (in most cases which is water) to flow through the semipermeable membrane but in the case of isotonic solution since the osmotic pressure on both sides is the same.