Question

Define the term 'work input' and 'work output' in relation to a machine.

Answer 1

Hint: Work is the energy delivered to or from an item by applying force along a displacement in physics. It is frequently expressed as the product of force and displacement in its simplest form. When applied, a force is said to produce positive work if it has a component in the direction of the point of application's displacement. If a force has a component that is opposite the direction of displacement at the point of application, it produces negative work.

Complete answer:
A machine is a human-made equipment that performs an action by applying forces and controlling movement with the use of power. Animals and people may power machines, as well as natural forces like wind and water, chemical, thermal, and electrical energy. Machines have a set of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to produce a certain application of output forces and movement.

They can also incorporate mechanical systems, which include computers and sensors that monitor performance and plan movement. Work input is defined as the effort force multiplied by the distance across which the force is exerted to a machine.Work output is defined as the resistance force multiplied by the distance over which the force is applied.

The work output of an ideal machine is equal to the work input, i.e. efficiency. The phrase "ideal machine" refers to a hypothetical mechanical system that does not lose or disperse energy or power due to friction, deformation, wear, or other inefficiencies. Ideal machines have the theoretical maximum performance and so serve as a benchmark for assessing the performance of real-world machine systems.

A basic machine, such as a lever, pulley, or gear train, is "perfect" if the power input matches the device's power output, implying no losses. The mechanical efficiency is 100 percent in this situation. The performance of a machine in comparison to its theoretical maximum as accomplished by an ideal machine is known as mechanical efficiency.

Note:The car engine (internal combustion engine) is an example of an exothermic chemical process in which fuel is burned within a cylinder and the expanding gases are used to move a piston. The crank shaft is rotated by the piston's movement. The other mechanical components, including the gearbox, drive shaft, differential, axles, and wheels, make up the power transmission system, which converts engine power into friction forces on the road to propel the car forward.