Question

What is the difference between a carrier protein and a channel protein?

Answer 1

Hint: A membrane transport protein is a protein involved in the transportation of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules across a biological membrane, such as another protein. Transport proteins are integral transmembrane proteins, which mean they are permanently embedded in and span the membrane across which they transport molecules. Channels and carriers are the two primary kinds of proteins involved in membrane transport.

Complete answer:
Membrane proteins are found in the cell membrane, which provide selective permeability and membrane transport. Channel and carrier proteins are transport proteins that are found in membranes.
The difference between carrier and channel proteins are as follows:

Carrier proteins	Channel proteins
Carrier proteins are essential proteins that carry chemicals across the membrane in both directions, down and up the concentration gradient.	Channel proteins are proteins that can generate hydrophilic holes in cell membranes, allowing molecules to go down a concentration gradient.
Carrier proteins transport substances both uphill and downhill the concentration gradient.	Substances are transported down a concentration gradient by channel proteins.
Carrier proteins are proteins that bind to molecules or ions on one side of the membrane and release them on the other.	Channel proteins create holes/pores that penetrate the membrane, enabling target molecules or ions to flow through via diffusion without interfering with one another.
Uniporters, symporters, antiporters, and other transport carrier proteins are classified according to their characteristics.	The channel proteins are potential-dependent, ligand-dependent, mechanically dependent, and so on, depending on the component that activates or inactivates them.
Carrier proteins require energy only to transport molecules in the opposite direction of the concentration gradient.	Channel proteins do not use energy.
Sodium-potassium pump, glucose-sodium cotransport, valinomycin, and other carrier proteins are examples.	Chloride, potassium, calcium, sodium ion channels, aquaporins, and other channel proteins are examples.

Note:
Membrane transport is a term used in cellular biology to describe a set of processes that control the movement of solutes such as ions and small molecules through biological membranes, which are lipid bilayers with proteins embedded in them. What solutes enter and leave a cell is determined by the membrane. Complex interactions between membrane lipids and proteins regulate transmembrane transport.