Question

Distinguish between glycolysis and citric acid cycle.

Answer 1

Hint: Both methods are involved in respiration with the aim of fulfilling the energy requirement of the body. Glycolysis is the initiative involved within the process of respiration and occurs within the cytoplasm of the cell. The citric acid cycle is the second process of respiration which occurs within the mitochondria of the cell.

Complete answer:
Glycolysis is determined as the chain of reactions, for the conversion of glucose (or glycogen) into pyruvate lactate and thus generating ATP. On the other hand, the Citric acid cycle involves the oxidation of acetyl CoA into ${ CO }_{ 2 }$ and ${ H }_{ 2 }O$.
The difference between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle is:

Glycolysis	Citric acid cycle
Glycolysis is a linear pathway.	The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) is a cyclic pathway.
It occurs in the cytoplasm.	It occurs in the mitochondria.
It occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.	It occurs in aerobic respiration only.
No carbon dioxide evolved.	Carbon dioxide evolved.
Net gain of two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH gained for every molecule of glucose broken down.	Each turn of the Krebs cycle yields three molecules of NADH and two molecules of ${ FADH }_{ 2 }$.
Also known as the EMP pathway or Cytoplasmic respiration.	Also known as the TCA cycle, Kreb’s cycle, or Mitochondrial respiration.
It is not connected with oxidative phosphorylation.	It is connected with oxidative phosphorylation.

Note: Both glycolysis and the Krebs cycle are enzyme-mediated and are under constant regulation based on the energy requirement of the cell/organism. The rates of these processes vary under various conditions such as the well-fed state, fasting state, exercised state, and starvation state.