Question

How does banking of roads reduce wear and tear of tyres ?

Answer 1

Hint:Before going through the question let us first talk about banking of roads. This is a phenomenon in which the outer edges of curved roads are elevated above the inner edge to provide the vehicles with the requisite centripetal force to make a safe turn.

Complete answer:
It is essential to bank roads in order to improve protection when turning. Draw all the forces operating on a vehicle taking a turn on a banked road to get an expression for the maximum speed. Both forces in the horizontal and vertical components must be resolved. In the vertical direction, equalise the net power.

The justification for road banking is that it prevents tyre wear and tear is: When a curved road is unbanked, the force of friction between the tyres and the road must be increased to provide the requisite centripetal force friction, which causes wear and tear.When the curved road is banked, however, a portion of the ground's normal reaction provides the necessary centripetal force. As a result, the effect of friction becomes secondary, and tyre wear and tear is reduced.

Note:At this stage, you may be wondering what the ideal banking angle for a safe turn is? For this particular speed and radius of curvature, $$4.14degrees$$ is the optimal banking angle. By the way, this means there is no friction.