Question

“Ecology is a permanent economy” This slogan is related to which of the following?
A. Chipko movement
B. Narmada Bachao Andolan
C. Appiko movement
D. None of the above

Answer 1

Hint:-Ecology mainly deals with the study of an organism and the environment where it is living and its interaction with its surrounding.
To save an organism, it is important to conserve its habitat or its environment. The uncontrolled habitat destruction can lead to the extinction of species.

Complete Answer:-
The study of ecology is done on different levels from the organism, population, community, biosphere to the ecosystem. The main aim of ecology deals with the understanding and distribution of biotic and abiotic factors of the particular ecosystem. Abiotic factors are the non- living things present in the ecosystem such as soil, air, sunlight, water, etc, whereas the biotic factors involve living organisms like a plant, animal, microorganisms.
There are different types of ecology they are – global ecology, landscape ecology, ecosystem ecology, community ecology, population ecology, organismal ecology. The importance of ecology includes conservation of the environment, sustainable use of natural resources, conservation of energy, etc. Many movements occurred to stop the exploitation of the ecosystem and its components.
Chipko movement- This movement occurred in the year 1973. It was a women’s movement towards the conservation of trees. It originated in the Chamoli district of Uttar Pradesh where the women of the district hugged the trees to be hacked.
Narmada Bachao Andolan- It is an Indian movement led by Adivasis, farmers, environmental protectors against the construction of Dam on the Banks of Narmada. It was formed by the activists Medha Parker. It started in the year 1985.
Appiko movement- It started in the village Gubbi Gadde near Sirsi of Uttar Karnataka against the destruction of forest for the construction of the dam and the industries. Appiko in Kannada means a hug. This movement was inspired by the Chipko movement of Uttar Pradesh. It occurred in the year 1983.
 “Ecology is a permanent economy” This slogan is related to the Chipko movement.

The correct answer is option A.

Note:- Other moments involved in the protection of the environment are:
Silent valley project, 1978- Silent valley hydroelectric project was to construct a dam on the banks of the Kunthipuzha river. This could have submerged the entire biosphere reserve. The M.G.K Menon Committee was set up to stop the project.
Jungle Bachao Andolan, 1980- It began in Bihar and later spread to states like Jharkhand and Orissa. The government decided to replace the natural sal forest with teak. This Andolan was against the cultivation of teak in the sal forest.