Question

Explain the heat of reaction.

Answer 1

Hint: The change in the enthalpy value of chemical reaction at constant pressure is known as the heat of reaction of enthalpy of reaction.

Complete step by step solution:
-The heat evolved in the surrounding or absorbed from the surrounding during the happening of a chemical reaction taking place at constant pressure and temperature is known as the heat of a chemical reaction.
-The heat of a chemical reaction is expressed as molar enthalpy in kJ/mol or as specific enthalpy in kJ/kg or kJ/L.
-According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, the amount of heat energy before and after the chemical reaction remains the same. Therefore, the amount of heat lost or gained in a reacting system is equal to the amount of heat lost or gained in the surrounding.
-An exothermic reaction liberates heat, due to which the temperature of the reaction mixture increases. An endothermic reaction absorbs heat, due to which the temperature of the reaction mixture decreases.
-The formula for the heat of reaction is given as-

$Q=m\times c\times \mathrm{\Delta }T$
where ‘m’ is the mass of the medium.
‘c’ is the specific heat capacity of the medium of reaction.
‘Q’ is the heat of reaction
‘$\mathrm{\Delta }T$’ is the difference in the temperature of the medium.

Note: The standard enthalpy of a chemical reaction is symbolized by $\mathrm{\Delta }H{}^{\circ }\text{ or }\mathrm{\Delta }H{{}^{\circ }}_{rxn}$ and can have both, positive as well as negative values. ${}^{\prime }{\mathrm{\Delta }}^{\prime }$ here represents the change in enthalpy of the reactants and the products $(\mathrm{\Delta }{H}_{\text{products}}-\mathrm{\Delta }{H}_{\text{reactants}})$ . A positive value of standard enthalpy is taken where the products have greater enthalpy, i.e in endothermic reactions. A negative value of standard enthalpy is taken where the reactants have greater enthalpy, i.e in exothermic reactions. ${}^{\circ }$ signifies that the quantity taken into consideration occurs at standard temperature and pressure. ${{{}^{\prime }}_{rxn}}^{\prime }$ denotes that the change is in a chemical reaction.