Question

Explain the principle and working of a biogas plant using a labelled schematic diagram.

Answer 1

Hint Here we illustrate the biomass and biomass plant concept with a diagram that we know that total biomass is found by summing up the dry mass biomass of all people in a given land area and then disclosing the area of concern by naming it.
Useful formula:
Biomass calculated by,
\[\;biomass\left( {net} \right){\text{ }} = {\text{ }}increase\;\,biomass\left( {gross} \right){\text{ }}-{\text{ }}decrease\;biomass\left( {gross} \right).\;\]

Complete answer
Given by,
Explain the principle and working of a biogas plant,
Biomass:
The fuel sources produced from plant and animal waste are referred to as biomass.
In a plant that has a dome-like structure constructed with bricks, bio-energy can be obtained using biomass. In the mixing tank, from where it is fed into the digester, a slurry of cow dung and water is combined. With the aid of anaerobic microorganisms, these complex compounds of cow dung and slurry decompose.
Methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and hydrogen sulfide gases are emitted after a few days of decomposition. The biogas is then placed above the digester in the gas tank from which it is then drawn for use in the pipes. By using biomass, bio-energy is produced in this way.

Principle of Biogas:
Biogas is created by organic matter decomposition. Biogas is composed predominantly of methane. It burns with smoke that is minimal and leaves no trace. It can be used as food for kitchens. It can be used for electricity generation as well.
Biogas Plant Working:
The biogas plant is fed by a mixture of farm waste. To produce a slurry, this waste is blended. It is then fed into the digester with slurry. The digester is an air-tight chamber and it does not contain oxygen.
Anaerobic bacteria carry out slurry decomposition in the digester. This results in biogas production.
Biogas is sent out through an outlet so that it can be used properly.
It takes out the decomposed matter and can be used as manure.

Note Biomass refers to organic fuel derived from plants and animal waste, such as wood, cow dung, crop residue, food waste, and sewage, etc. It has been used for a long time as fuel. However, these fuels do not generate much-burning heat, and when they are burned, a lot of smoke is emitted.