Explain the role of the allosteric site in enzyme inhibition.
Answer
Verified
419.1k+ views
Hint: Allosteric Inhibition takes place when an inhibitor binds to the allosteric site of an enzyme. The word “Allo” means other and “steric” means site. So, the allosteric site is different from the active site of the enzyme molecule.
Complete answer:
Enzymes are protein molecules that act as the biological catalyst which increases the rate of the reaction and is present in the body of all living organisms. Almost all biochemical reactions whether it is gene formation, hormone secretion, or metabolism inside our body need an enzyme as a catalyst to regulate and control proper development.
Enzymes have many receptor sites on their surface which receive and bind to substrate molecules that bring conformational changes in the enzyme-producing a physiological effect or change in the functioning of cells. These receiving sites are also known as active sites of the enzyme.
The sites present on enzymes other than the active sites on which some other kinds of substances bind are known as allosteric sites. The substances which bind to allosteric sites influence the activity of that enzyme. They can either activate or inhibit the action of an enzyme.
The inhibition of enzyme refers to the decrease in the activity or affinity of the enzyme towards the substrate. It happens when a molecule other than a substrate molecule blocks the active site of the enzyme by binding to it.
Allosteric inhibition- When the inhibition of enzyme activity takes place due to the binding of a molecule on an allosteric site of the enzyme, it brings a change in the shape of the enzyme such that its active site becomes unfit to make a complex with the substrate. Hence, the enzyme activity decreases and this results in enzyme inhibition. It can be visualized as represented below:
Thus, in this way, the presence of an allosteric site can cause inhibition of the enzyme.
Note:
The presence of an allosteric site in the enzyme can either or activate or inhibit the enzyme depending upon the nature of the molecule binding to the allosteric site. We have already discussed how allosteric inhibition takes place. In the case of allosteric activation, a molecule binds to a site other than an active site and brings a change in a way that increases the affinity of the enzyme to get bound to its substrate.
A substrate is a starting material that initiates a chemical reaction.
Complete answer:
Enzymes are protein molecules that act as the biological catalyst which increases the rate of the reaction and is present in the body of all living organisms. Almost all biochemical reactions whether it is gene formation, hormone secretion, or metabolism inside our body need an enzyme as a catalyst to regulate and control proper development.
Enzymes have many receptor sites on their surface which receive and bind to substrate molecules that bring conformational changes in the enzyme-producing a physiological effect or change in the functioning of cells. These receiving sites are also known as active sites of the enzyme.
The sites present on enzymes other than the active sites on which some other kinds of substances bind are known as allosteric sites. The substances which bind to allosteric sites influence the activity of that enzyme. They can either activate or inhibit the action of an enzyme.
The inhibition of enzyme refers to the decrease in the activity or affinity of the enzyme towards the substrate. It happens when a molecule other than a substrate molecule blocks the active site of the enzyme by binding to it.
Allosteric inhibition- When the inhibition of enzyme activity takes place due to the binding of a molecule on an allosteric site of the enzyme, it brings a change in the shape of the enzyme such that its active site becomes unfit to make a complex with the substrate. Hence, the enzyme activity decreases and this results in enzyme inhibition. It can be visualized as represented below:
Thus, in this way, the presence of an allosteric site can cause inhibition of the enzyme.
Note:
The presence of an allosteric site in the enzyme can either or activate or inhibit the enzyme depending upon the nature of the molecule binding to the allosteric site. We have already discussed how allosteric inhibition takes place. In the case of allosteric activation, a molecule binds to a site other than an active site and brings a change in a way that increases the affinity of the enzyme to get bound to its substrate.
A substrate is a starting material that initiates a chemical reaction.
Recently Updated Pages
Can anyone list 10 advantages and disadvantages of friction
What are the Components of Financial System?
How do you arrange NH4 + BF3 H2O C2H2 in increasing class 11 chemistry CBSE
Is H mCT and q mCT the same thing If so which is more class 11 chemistry CBSE
What are the possible quantum number for the last outermost class 11 chemistry CBSE
Is C2 paramagnetic or diamagnetic class 11 chemistry CBSE
Trending doubts
The correct order of melting point of 14th group elements class 11 chemistry CBSE
One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE
What is the specific heat capacity of ice water and class 11 physics CBSE
State the laws of reflection of light
Proton was discovered by A Thomson B Rutherford C Chadwick class 11 chemistry CBSE
Why does niobium have a d4s1 electron configuration class 11 chemistry CBSE