Question

What is the function of calcium in our body?

Answer 1

Hint: The human body is in constant need of many elements. These elements are known as minerals. There are mainly two types of minerals essential for the body. Micro and macro minerals based on the amount with which it is required for normal body functioning.

Complete answer: Calcium is a macromineral required by the human body. The mineral has a variety of body functions, the deficiency of the same disrupts the normal physiological methods of the body. The major functions of the mineral are:
a) Enhances the strength of bones: Bones are composed of calcium phosphate which makes up the bulk of the bone tissue in the body. Calcium is the most important element which determines the health of the bones. Any deficiency of calcium in the diet can cause calcium deficiency causing demineralization of bones, leading to weakened bone tissues.
b) Regulate signalling of nerves: Neurons or nerve cells are involved in the transmission of signals all over the body. It is an important factor in the regulation of many responses such as pain, any variation in temperature, or in body defence mechanisms. Calcium ions are important in maintaining the membrane potential of neurons in the transmission of impulses and the excitability of neurons.
c) Regulation of the activities of cardiac muscles: Calcium ions are involved in regulating the polarization and depolarization of cardiac muscle cells. It helps in the conduction of impulses through the cardiac musculature, thereby forming an important component in the cardiac cycle by regulating proper contraction and relaxation of heart muscles.
d) Maintaining dental homeostasis: The teeth also consist of calcium deposits, which gives the teeth its hardness and strength. It maintains the health of the teeth as well as the gums.
e) Balances hormone levels: This mineral is vital for maintaining the normal level of many hormones.
Thus, calcium plays an important role in the human body.

Note: The deficiency in the level of calcium in the body is known as hypocalcemia. Any deficiency in Vitamin D as well as phosphorus can result in calcium deficiency. It can adversely affect the normal physiology of the body.