Answer
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Hint:The five-kingdom classification was proposed by R.H.Whittaker. The kingdoms he included were Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. The kingdoms were divided based on body organization, its complexity, nutrition, and many other criteria.
Complete answer:
The cilia and flagella are the cellular appendages present in single-celled organisms for their locomotion. These are similar in its structures but flagella mostly exist as two in number and are long, but cilia exist as several short appendages. Kingdom Protista consists of unicellular eukaryotic organisms, and the movement of these organisms and also their feeding is done using appendages such as cilia and flagella. It is found in organisms such as Euglena and Paramoecium.
Considering the other given options:
Monera includes organisms that are unicellular and are prokaryotic. They are the most primitive organisms. Due to their very simple body organization, they are devoid of appendages such as cilia and flagella for its locomotion.
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that can be either unicellular or multicellular. It has a cell wall made of chitin, and they are saprophytic. These organisms possess no organs for locomotion.
Plantae includes autotrophic eukaryotes. They are multicellular. They possess a cell wall made up of cellulose. These organisms do not have the ability of full-body locomotion, but certain parts can exhibit movements such as roots towards water sources, and leaves towards sunlight. But these organisms do not possess cilia or flagella for locomotion.
Thus from the given options above, the most appropriate one is option B, Protista is the group of organisms possessing cilia and flagella for locomotion.
Note:The cellular appendages such as cilia and flagella are made up of structures known as microtubules. Microtubules are also known as the elements present in the cytoskeleton since it helps in providing the cells with their characteristic structures. Several microtubules are arranged in a particular pattern to form the cilia and flagella.
Complete answer:
The cilia and flagella are the cellular appendages present in single-celled organisms for their locomotion. These are similar in its structures but flagella mostly exist as two in number and are long, but cilia exist as several short appendages. Kingdom Protista consists of unicellular eukaryotic organisms, and the movement of these organisms and also their feeding is done using appendages such as cilia and flagella. It is found in organisms such as Euglena and Paramoecium.
Considering the other given options:
Monera includes organisms that are unicellular and are prokaryotic. They are the most primitive organisms. Due to their very simple body organization, they are devoid of appendages such as cilia and flagella for its locomotion.
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that can be either unicellular or multicellular. It has a cell wall made of chitin, and they are saprophytic. These organisms possess no organs for locomotion.
Plantae includes autotrophic eukaryotes. They are multicellular. They possess a cell wall made up of cellulose. These organisms do not have the ability of full-body locomotion, but certain parts can exhibit movements such as roots towards water sources, and leaves towards sunlight. But these organisms do not possess cilia or flagella for locomotion.
Thus from the given options above, the most appropriate one is option B, Protista is the group of organisms possessing cilia and flagella for locomotion.
Note:The cellular appendages such as cilia and flagella are made up of structures known as microtubules. Microtubules are also known as the elements present in the cytoskeleton since it helps in providing the cells with their characteristic structures. Several microtubules are arranged in a particular pattern to form the cilia and flagella.