Question

If you were to make a scale model of the the hydrogen atom and decided the nucleus was to have a diameter of 1mm, what would the diameter of the entire model be?

Answer 1

Hint:The smallest unit of the ordinary matter that makes up a chemical element is an atom. Atoms that are neutral or ionised make up every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Atoms are very tiny, measuring around 100 picometers in diameter. Due to quantum phenomena, it is impossible to correctly anticipate their behaviour using traditional physics—as if they were tennis balls, for example. Every atom is made up of a nucleus and one or more electrons attached to it. One or more protons and a number of the neutrons make up the nucleus.

Complete answer:
Only one kind of the hydrogen, the most prevalent, lacks neutrons. The nucleus contains more than 99.94 percent of an atom's mass. The protons have a positive electric charge, whereas the electrons have a negative charge and the neutrons have none. The atom is electrically neutral if the number of the protons and electrons is equal. When an atom contains more or fewer electrons than protons, it has a negative or positive overall charge, and these atoms are known as ions.
The diameter of the proton can be given as $1.75 \times 10^{-15} \mathrm{~m}$.
The Bohr radius is the distance between the nucleus and the electron that is most likely $5.29 \times 10^{-11} \mathrm{~m}$
Hence he diameter of the the hydrogen atom is given as $2 \times 5.29 \times 10^{-11} \mathrm{~m}=1.058 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{~m}$
$\dfrac{\text { diameter of atom }}{\text { diameter of proton }}=\dfrac{1.058 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{~m}}{1.75 \times 10^{-15} \mathrm{~m}}=6046$
That is, diameter of the atom $=6046 \times$ diameter of the nucleus.
If the diameter of the model nucleus is $1 \mathrm{~mm}$, then
The Diameter of the model atom $=6046 \times 1 \mathrm{~mm}=6046 \mathrm{~mm}=6 \mathrm{~m}$ (1 significant figure)
The complete model would be 6 metres in diameter.

Note:
The electromagnetic force attracts an atom's electrons to its protons in the atomic nucleus. The nuclear force attracts protons and neutrons in the nucleus to each other. The electromagnetic force that repels positively charged protons from one another is generally stronger than this force. Under some conditions, the electromagnetic force repelling the nuclear force grows greater. The nucleus breaks in this scenario, leaving behind several components. This is a type of nuclear fission.