Question

In man and mammals, air passes from outside into the lungs through
A) Nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli
B) Nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli
C) Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli
D) Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli

Answer 1

Hint: The human respiratory system consists of a variety of organs and tissues that helps in breathing and exchange of gases. Lungs are the primary organs that help in respiration. They help in the exchange of gases. It includes a series of airways for air passages, blood vessels and the muscles that facilitate breathing.

Complete answer:
The energy is produced by breaking down glucose molecules in all living cells of the body. Oxygen is inhaled and is carried to various parts of the body and is used in the process of producing energy in the form of ATP by burning food particles.

Air enters the body through the nose or mouth, which are connected via nasal and oral cavities to the pharynx, through which the air passes to the trachea, larynx and food to the oesophagus. Air passes through the larynx which is the voice box, and then to the trachea which is the windpipe. The main bronchial passageways (bronchi) subdivide in the lungs into smaller and smaller airways, and to the individual air, sacs called the alveoli, where the oxygen enters the bloodstream.

The respiratory tract consists of:
- External nostrils that help in the intake of air.
- The nasal chamber is lined with hair and mucus to filter the air and remove dust and dirt.
- The pharynx is a passage behind the nasal chamber. It serves as the common passageway for both air and food.
- The larynx is also known as the soundbox as it functions in the generation of sound.
- Epiglottis is a flap-like structure that covers the glottis. It prevents the entry of food into the windpipe.
- The trachea is a long tube passing through the mid-thoracic cavity.
- Bronchi are divided into left and right bronchi by the trachea
- Bronchioles are the finer division of the bronchus.
- Alveoli are the terminal end of bronchioles. They are balloon-like structures where the exchange of gases takes place.
- Lungs are sac-like structures and covered by a double-layered membrane known as pleura.

This is a basic overview of the respiratory system and in man and mammals air passes through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchioles and alveoli.
Hence the correct answer is option ‘D’.

Note: Some of the respiratory System disorders are
i) Airway disease is a disease in which the bronchial tubes are affected which usually function by transporting oxygen and other gases in and out of the lungs. So, in this disease, the passage for air is reduced, which results in narrowing or blocking of bronchial tubes.
ii) Some factors which contribute to this are smoking, air pollution, infections etc.