Question

In the formation of rainbow light from the sun on water droplets undergoes
A. Dispersion only
B. Only total internal reflection
C. Dispersion and total internal reflection
D. None of these

Answer 1

Hint: A rainbow is a meteorological phenomena that occurs when light is reflected, refracted, and dispersed in water droplets, resulting in a spectrum of light seen in the sky. It's shaped like a multicoloured circular arc.

Complete answer:
Rainbows are created when sunlight is scattered by water droplets (such as raindrops or fog) in a process known as refraction. When sunlight passes through a medium denser than air, such as a raindrop, it refracts, changing its direction. The refracted light enters the raindrop, is reflected off the back, and then refracted once more as it escapes and goes to our eyes.

When sunlight passes through a material, it is made up of several various wavelengths, or colours, which travel at different rates. The white light is broken into different colours as a result of this. Shorter wavelengths appear as blue or violet, whereas longer wavelengths appear as red.As light passes through the raindrop at different angles of around two degrees, we see the rainbow's colour spectrum, which ranges from red to violet.

The colours mix and blur throughout the show, so this isn't a true spectrum. Because the angle of dispersal from raindrops differs for each individual, each rainbow is unique to the viewer.Even when refracted light strikes the water droplet's opposite surface, some of it is internally reflected. As a result of the refraction, dispersion, and reflection of sunlight passing through water droplets in the sky, a rainbow is generated.

So, option C is the correct answer.

Note: The spectator must be in a precise position in relation to the sun and water droplets in order to see a rainbow -
-The observer should stand with the sun behind them.
-The spectator will see more of an arc of a rainbow the lower the sun is in the sky - it must be less than 42° in the sky.