Answer
Verified
469.2k+ views
Hint: To solve this we need to know the moment of inertia. Moment of inertia of a body is simply the quantitative measure of that body’s rotational inertia. Here, before finding the moment of inertia of the disc we consider a small ring element in the disc and find its moment of inertia. And then we integrate the ring’s moment of inertia to get a moment of inertia of the disc.
Formula used:
Mass of the ring is
$dm=\sigma \times dA$
Moment of inertia of the small ring is
$dI=dm\times {{r}^{2}}$
Moment of inertia of the entire disc
$I=\int{dI}$
Complete step by step answer:
In the question it is said that we have a circular disc with radius ‘a’.
The mass of the disc is not uniformly distributed throughout the area of the disc.
Mass distribution on the disc is given
$\sigma \left( r \right)=A+Br$, where $\sigma \left( r \right)$ is the mass per unit area.
This says that, as we go away from the centre of the disc the mass per unit area of the disc changes.
To solve the question, let us consider the disc as shown in the figure below
Consider a small ring element at a distance of ‘r’ from the centre of the disc.
Let the thickness of the ring element be ‘$dr$’ and inner radius = r.
Now let us find the area of the ring.
Area of the ring,
$dA=\pi {{\left( r+dr \right)}^{2}}-\pi {{r}^{2}}$ , Where ‘$dA$’ is the area of the ring, $\pi {{\left( r+dr \right)}^{2}}$ is the area of the outer ring and $\pi {{r}^{2}}$ is the area of the inner ring.
By solving the above equation, we get
$dA=\pi \left( {{r}^{2}}+2rdr+d{{r}^{2}}-{{r}^{2}} \right)$ , here the term ${{r}^{2}}$ will get cancelled. And also we can eliminate $d{{r}^{2}}$ because $dr$ is infinitesimally small, hence$d{{r}^{2}}\approx 0$.
From here, we get the area of the ring element as
$dA=2\pi rdr$
Since we have the area of the ring element, now we can calculate it’s mass.
Mass of the ring element can be written as the product of mass per unit area and the area of the ring element.
$dm=\sigma \times dA$
Here, since the ring element we take is very small, then for this small element we can take mass per unit area to be constant.
Now, finding the mass of the ring
$\begin{align}
& dm=\left( A+Br \right)\times \left( 2\pi rdr \right) \\
& dm=2\pi \left( Ar+B{{r}^{2}} \right)dr \\
\end{align}$
Now, the moment of inertia of this ring about the centre can be given as the product of mass of the ring and square of the ring’s radius.
$dI=dm\times {{r}^{2}}$, were ‘$dI$’ is the moment of inertia of the ring.
Solving this equation,
$\begin{align}
& dI=\left( 2\pi \left( Ar+B{{r}^{2}} \right)dr \right)\times \left( {{r}^{2}} \right) \\
& dI=2\pi \left( A{{r}^{3}}+B{{r}^{4}} \right)dr \\
\end{align}$
We are asked to find the moment of inertia of the entire disc.
Moment of inertia of the disc can be given as the integral of moment of inertia of the ring.
$\begin{align}
& I=\int{dI} \\
& I=\int\limits_{0}^{a}{2\pi \left( A{{r}^{3}}+B{{r}^{4}} \right)dr} \\
\end{align}$
Integrating this, we get
$\begin{align}
& I=2\pi \left[ A\left[ \dfrac{{{r}^{4}}}{4} \right]_{0}^{a}+B\left[ \dfrac{{{r}^{5}}}{5} \right]_{0}^{a} \right] \\
& I=2\pi \left[ \dfrac{A{{a}^{4}}}{4}+\dfrac{B{{a}^{5}}}{5} \right] \\
& I=2\pi {{a}^{4}}\left[ \dfrac{A}{4}+\dfrac{aB}{5} \right] \\
\end{align}$
Therefore the moment of inertia of the disc about its centre is
$I=2\pi {{a}^{4}}\left[ \dfrac{A}{4}+\dfrac{aB}{5} \right]$
Hence the correct answer is option A.
Note:
Moment of inertia can be stated as a body’s tendency to remain in a state of rest or at a constant rotational velocity. It is the rotational analogue of mass. So, it's the tendency of the object to resist the action of torque. The SI unit is $kg{{m}^{2}}$.
Formula used:
Mass of the ring is
$dm=\sigma \times dA$
Moment of inertia of the small ring is
$dI=dm\times {{r}^{2}}$
Moment of inertia of the entire disc
$I=\int{dI}$
Complete step by step answer:
In the question it is said that we have a circular disc with radius ‘a’.
The mass of the disc is not uniformly distributed throughout the area of the disc.
Mass distribution on the disc is given
$\sigma \left( r \right)=A+Br$, where $\sigma \left( r \right)$ is the mass per unit area.
This says that, as we go away from the centre of the disc the mass per unit area of the disc changes.
To solve the question, let us consider the disc as shown in the figure below
Consider a small ring element at a distance of ‘r’ from the centre of the disc.
Let the thickness of the ring element be ‘$dr$’ and inner radius = r.
Now let us find the area of the ring.
Area of the ring,
$dA=\pi {{\left( r+dr \right)}^{2}}-\pi {{r}^{2}}$ , Where ‘$dA$’ is the area of the ring, $\pi {{\left( r+dr \right)}^{2}}$ is the area of the outer ring and $\pi {{r}^{2}}$ is the area of the inner ring.
By solving the above equation, we get
$dA=\pi \left( {{r}^{2}}+2rdr+d{{r}^{2}}-{{r}^{2}} \right)$ , here the term ${{r}^{2}}$ will get cancelled. And also we can eliminate $d{{r}^{2}}$ because $dr$ is infinitesimally small, hence$d{{r}^{2}}\approx 0$.
From here, we get the area of the ring element as
$dA=2\pi rdr$
Since we have the area of the ring element, now we can calculate it’s mass.
Mass of the ring element can be written as the product of mass per unit area and the area of the ring element.
$dm=\sigma \times dA$
Here, since the ring element we take is very small, then for this small element we can take mass per unit area to be constant.
Now, finding the mass of the ring
$\begin{align}
& dm=\left( A+Br \right)\times \left( 2\pi rdr \right) \\
& dm=2\pi \left( Ar+B{{r}^{2}} \right)dr \\
\end{align}$
Now, the moment of inertia of this ring about the centre can be given as the product of mass of the ring and square of the ring’s radius.
$dI=dm\times {{r}^{2}}$, were ‘$dI$’ is the moment of inertia of the ring.
Solving this equation,
$\begin{align}
& dI=\left( 2\pi \left( Ar+B{{r}^{2}} \right)dr \right)\times \left( {{r}^{2}} \right) \\
& dI=2\pi \left( A{{r}^{3}}+B{{r}^{4}} \right)dr \\
\end{align}$
We are asked to find the moment of inertia of the entire disc.
Moment of inertia of the disc can be given as the integral of moment of inertia of the ring.
$\begin{align}
& I=\int{dI} \\
& I=\int\limits_{0}^{a}{2\pi \left( A{{r}^{3}}+B{{r}^{4}} \right)dr} \\
\end{align}$
Integrating this, we get
$\begin{align}
& I=2\pi \left[ A\left[ \dfrac{{{r}^{4}}}{4} \right]_{0}^{a}+B\left[ \dfrac{{{r}^{5}}}{5} \right]_{0}^{a} \right] \\
& I=2\pi \left[ \dfrac{A{{a}^{4}}}{4}+\dfrac{B{{a}^{5}}}{5} \right] \\
& I=2\pi {{a}^{4}}\left[ \dfrac{A}{4}+\dfrac{aB}{5} \right] \\
\end{align}$
Therefore the moment of inertia of the disc about its centre is
$I=2\pi {{a}^{4}}\left[ \dfrac{A}{4}+\dfrac{aB}{5} \right]$
Hence the correct answer is option A.
Note:
Moment of inertia can be stated as a body’s tendency to remain in a state of rest or at a constant rotational velocity. It is the rotational analogue of mass. So, it's the tendency of the object to resist the action of torque. The SI unit is $kg{{m}^{2}}$.
Recently Updated Pages
10 Examples of Evaporation in Daily Life with Explanations
10 Examples of Diffusion in Everyday Life
1 g of dry green algae absorb 47 times 10 3 moles of class 11 chemistry CBSE
What is the meaning of celestial class 10 social science CBSE
What causes groundwater depletion How can it be re class 10 chemistry CBSE
Under which different types can the following changes class 10 physics CBSE
Trending doubts
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?
How do you graph the function fx 4x class 9 maths CBSE
Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE
The Equation xxx + 2 is Satisfied when x is Equal to Class 10 Maths
In the tincture of iodine which is solute and solv class 11 chemistry CBSE
Why is there a time difference of about 5 hours between class 10 social science CBSE