Question

Maximum intermolecular force of attraction exists in?
A. Bromine
B. Air
C. Oxygen
D. Copper

Answer 1

Hint: Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion which act between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). These forces are weak compared to the intramolecular forces, such as the covalent or ionic bonds between atoms in molecules.

Complete answer:
Intermolecular force is any force that binds together the atoms making up a molecule or compound.
There are different types of intermolecular forces and they are as follows.
Types of intermolecular forces:
1. Dipole-dipole forces: These interactions are a type of intermolecular attraction I.e., attractions between two molecules. These interactions align the molecules to increase the attraction.
2. Ion-dipole forces: This force is an intermolecular attraction between ion and polar molecules.
3. An ion-induced dipole force: It occurs when an ion interacts with a non-polar molecule. The temporary partially charged dipole and the ion are attracted to each other and form a fleeting interaction.
As we know that the particles in solids are tightly packed. So the intermolecular forces between the particles are more and hence the force of attraction between the particles is also high. Whereas in the case of liquids the particles in are closely packed as compared to solids.
Now, let us consider gases. The particles in gases are very closely packed and are continuously in random motion. Gases have the least forces of attraction, liquids have the intermediate force of attraction, and solids have the highest forces of attraction.

Therefore, the force of attraction increases in the order Gas < Liquid < Solid.
Option B and C are the correct answers.

Note:
The strongest intermolecular force in water is a special bond called the hydrogen bond. Many molecules are polar in nature and can form dipole-dipole bonds without forming hydrogen bonds.