Question

Mendel’s principle of segregation is based on separation of alleles during
A. Gamete formation
B. Seed formation
C. Pollination
D. Embryonic development

Answer 1

Hint: Mendelian inheritance is the type of inheritance that follows the rules and principles as told by Mendel. The law of segregation is the first law proposed by Mendel and that explains how the alleles segregate/separate.

Complete answer:
Mendel’s Law of segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the alleles separate and each of the gametes have a chance to possess one of the alleles. This is termed as the law of segregation.
And as we all know that traits are controlled by two alleles or a pair of alleles. Mendel carried out experiments in pea plants and noted that there were dominant alleles and recessive alleles. The dominant and recessive alleles can be present in any combination for a particular trait in an individual. When a dominant allele is present with a recessive allele, the dominant allele will suppress the expression of the recessive alleles. This is the law of dominance proposed by Mendel.
When there is formation of gametes, the alleles separate and go into individual gametes. The gametes will have a single allele of a particular trait. These alleles again come together when fertilization occurs (fusion of gametes). This is commonly called the law of segregation. This is seen in case of monohybrid crosses where only one character is taken into consideration for the study.
So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note:
The earlier studies of Mendel only spoke about monohybrid crosses and dihybrid crosses with one trait and two traits respectively. Later the scientists have found out various deviations from the Mendelian principles such as the blending of character in codominance, incomplete dominance etc.