Question

Mention the function of pneumatophore.

Answer 1

Hint: Pneumatophore is the aerial roots that are found at places which are full of water like in waterlogged soil or in the plants which are completely merged in the water-filled soil.

Complete answer:
Pneumatophores are the specialized aerial roots that enable plants to breathe air in habitats that have waterlogged soil. The roots usually come down from the stem or come up from the typical roots. Some botanists classify these as aerating roots instead of aerial roots if they are available up from the soil. The surface of these roots is covered with lenticel, which are the small pores that take up air into spongy tissue which successively uses osmotic pathways to spread oxygen throughout the plant as required. Pneumatophores differentiate the Black mangrove and gray mangrove from other mangrove species. Aerial roots can also receive water and nutrients from the air. There are many types of aerial roots present, some like mangrove, are used for aeration and not for water absorption. In other cases, they're used mainly for structure, and to succeed on the surface. Many plants believe the leaf system for gathering the water into pockets, or onto scales. These roots function as terrestrial roots do. Most aerial roots directly absorb the moisture from the humid air.

Note: Other than pneumatophores, some more types of aerial roots are seen. One is The Haustorial roots - These are the type of root which is found in parasitic plants, where aerial roots become attached to the host plant via a sticky disc before intruding into the tissues of the host. An example is Mistletoe.