Question

Mention the function of the following
(a) Ureters in frog
(b) Malpighian tubules
(c) Body wall in earthworm

Answer 1

Hint: The ureter of frog has the urogenital function, it involves sperm and urine transport.
Malpighian tubules are present in a cockroach, mainly involved in excretion.
The body wall of earthworms helps in movement and burrowing.

Complete answer:
> Ureters in frog: The reproduction system of frog includes the ureter also
- Both male and female front consists of a pair of testes and a pair of ovaries in their reproductive area. This is similar to in humans, but there is a difference in the frogs and humans which includes the following.
- In frogs, both pairs of reproductive organs in males and females are attached to the kidneys.
- Hence the frog ureter is considered as the urogenital part.
- In male frogs, testes release sperms to the ureter and the urine also through the same. In turn, the ureter delivers the sperm to the cloaca.

> Malpighian tubules: Malpighian tubules are found in some of the insects like cockroaches.
- They play the role of excretory and osmoregulatory functions.
- They have tubules that extend from the alimentary canal, to absorb solutes, water, wastes from the hemolymph.
- Some other important functions of the Malpighian tubules are, they excrete the nitrogenous wastes and other metabolites in insects
- They also secrete some fluids into the intestine, where they are helpful for reabsorption.

> Body wall in earthworm: The body wall of the earthworm is thin and moist.
- It consists of the following layers from outside.
- Cuticle: It is thin and transparent, secreted by the epidermis.
- Epidermis: This is a single layer which is long and columnar and they consist of receptors and glands.
- Dermis: This is thin connective tissue, which forms the basement for the epidermis.
- Muscles: There are two types of muscles present which are circular and longitudinal muscles.

Note: In humans kidneys and reproductive organs are separate, they have no connection, but in frogs, they are connected, in human’s digestive system and the excretory system is not connected to each other, but insects, both the excretory and digestive system are connected to one another.