Question

Microbial enzymes are used instead of chemical catalysts in the chemical industry. Give scientific reason.

Answer 1

Hint: Chemical, fermentation, agricultural, pharmaceutical, and food manufacturing are just a few of the fields where microbial enzymes are used. Filamentous fungi, bacteria, and yeasts have all been utilised to express recombinant enzymes, with filamentous fungi, bacteria, and yeasts being the most common.

Complete answer:
Bio-catalysts are another name for microbial catalysts. Microbial catalysts are preferred over chemical catalysts for a variety of reasons, including:
(1) Microbial enzymes work at low temperatures, pH levels, and pressures.
(2) The energy is saved as a result of this characteristic. It is not necessary to utilise the more expensive erosion-resistant devices.
(3) Because enzymatic processes are highly precise, no superfluous byproducts are produced.
(4) Product purification costs are reduced since no unwanted products are created.
(5) Waste material elimination and breakdown are avoided, and enzymes can be reused. As a result, microbial enzymes are considered environmentally favourable.
(6) Enzymes carry out particular activities, thus no extraneous by-products are created, resulting in lower purifying costs.
(7) In the case of microbial enzymatic reactions, waste material is not eliminated or decomposed, and enzymes can be reused. As a result, such enzymes are environmentally beneficial.
As a result, in the chemical sector, microbial enzymes are utilised instead of chemical catalysts.
Because of the advantages of these species, biotechnological applications have expanded in number. Physiological constraints, on the other hand, make high-level production of recombinant enzymes difficult. Natural enzymes have limitations, particularly in industrial settings, such as limited catalytic efficiency, activity, and stability.

Note: Microbial enzymes are important in the diagnosis, therapy, biochemical inquiry, and monitoring of a wide range of disorders. Amylase and lipase are two key enzymes that have been extensively investigated and are crucial in a variety of industrial and medicinal applications.