Question

Mitosis usually results in the production of diploid daughter cells with identical genetic complement.

Answer 1

Hint: Mitosis is also known as equational division of somatic division. Mitosis was first observed by Star Burger in the plant cells. It was first observed by Flemming in the animal cells. Moreover, it consists of the preparatory phase and division phase.

Complete answer: The division phase of mitosis is classified into two types. These two types are as follows –
I. Karyokinesis – It refers to the division of the nucleus.
II. Cytokinesis – It refers to the division of the cytoplasm.
I. Karyokinesis – It completes in four phases. These four phases are as follows –
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
The prophase is the longest phase of the cell division. Here the nuclear membrane and the nucleolus disappear gradually and the chromosomes become short and thick. The centriole pairs move towards opposite poles and the formation of astral rays begins. During the metaphase, the chromosomes thicken further and the chromatids separate. The chromosomes arrange on the equatorial plane and the astral rays attach with the centromeres. The anaphase is the shortest phase. Here the breaking of the chromatids occurs and the chromosomes move towards the opposite poles. Lastly during the telophase, the chromatids reach the opposite poles and the chromosomal decondensation occurs. Finally, two nuclei are formed in a cell. Moreover, the ploidy level of the daughter cells is the same as the mother cell because the chromosomes are doubled and then halved.
II. Cytokinesis – The cell divides into two cells by the process of the cell plate method or cell furrow method. The cell plate or cell furrow is formed in the middle of the cell dividing it into two other cells. Both nuclei formed are retained by each cell.
Therefore, based on the above information we can conclude that mitosis usually results in the production of diploid daughter cells with identical genetic complement.

Note: The preparatory phase of mitosis is known as the Interphase. The interphase has three phases. These three phases are \[{G_1}\]-phase, S-phase, and \[{G_2}\]-phase. The interphase is the most metabolically active phase. Here, the cell prepares itself for the process of cell division.