Question

Name a plant having basal placentation. What type of placentation is found in pea?

Answer 1

Hint: Placentation is the arrangement of ovules in the ovary of the plant. Depending on the arrangement there are few kinds of placentation usually seen namely- marginal, parietal, free-central, axial, superficial and basal.

Complete answer:
Basal placentation- The ovule, in general, is connected by a stalk to the ovary. The region of attachment of ovule to the ovary is called the placenta. They can be attached directly or by the help of a short stalk. In the case of basal placentation, as the name suggests, the ovules are attached to the base of the ovary. Basal placentation takes place in marigold, sunflower etc.

The second part of the answer is explaining the kind of placentation in case of pea plant:
Since in the case of pea plants the ovules are arranged in a row and have a single-chambered ovary so this is an example of marginal placentation.
Apart from marginal and basal placentation, there are numerous other placentation namely-
-Axile placentation-The placenta forms as a central column and ovules are attached to it on either side of it.
-Parietal placentation-At the places where carpels are fused, placenta bearing the ovules develop.
-Superficial placentation- placenta forms all around the partition wall, this is where ovules get attached to the placentation.

Note: Just like human beings also have a placenta which provides nourishment to the offspring and aids in its growth and development, the plants also have a placenta which provides a connection between ovary wall and flower and gives nourishment to the ovule so that it matures into well-developed seeds and give rise to more new plants. Placentation is the arrangement of ovules to the ovary wall and based on this arrangement they are classified into numerous types.