Question

What is the pigment system? Where are they located?

Answer 1

Hint: The photosynthesis is a process of respiration and production of energy by the plants in the presence of light energy. Where the light energy is absorbed by special tissue found in leaves and converted into chemical energy.

Complete step by step answer:
To solve this question, we have to know about the pigment system. The pigment systems are a group of photosynthetic pigments located in the chloroplast of any plant. These consist of; central core part that converts into chemical energy from light energy and always have chlorophyll type of pigment and the light harvesting complex absorbs the light from the sun and transfers the light to the central core, these involve xanthophylls and carotenoids as pigment.
Now, there are two types of photosystems, in cyanobacteria and green plants, photosystem I and II both are present. The photosystem I is associated with the electron carrier found on both appressed parts of grana thylakoids and stroma thylakoids as well. The PS I have a high amount of chlorophyll a while chlorophyll b and carotenoids are present in lesser amounts. The photo centre of PS I consists of P700 chlorophyll molecules along with FeS, plastoquinone, ferredoxin, plastocyanin, and Cytochrome complex. It takes place in both cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation independently.
The photosystem II found in the apressent portion of the grana thylakoids. This photosystem has chlorophyll b and carotenoids, the amount of chlorophyll a is equal to the amount of chlorophyll b in photosystem II but carotenoids are present in higher amount. The photo centre of PS II consists of P680 along with $Mn^{2+}$, chloride, plastoquinone, Cytochrome complex, quencher molecules, and plastocyanin. The electrons are picked up during water photolysis and the extruded electrons move over the Cytochrome complex and release energy for synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Note: The photosystem II can take place only in conjunction with photosystem I. Both the photosystems involve the exchange of electrons, the PS I drives electrons from PSII to NADP+.