Question

Retroperitoneal origin in a human being is
(a) Liver
(b) Stomach
(c) Kidney
(d) Spleen

Answer 1

Hint: This organ lies behind the abdominal or the peritoneal cavity. Also, this organ acts as a blood purifier and helps in purification and filtration of urine.

Complete step by step Answer:
The kidney is retroperitoneal in human beings. Retroperitoneal is the part of the abdominal cavity, space behind(retro) the peritoneal part. This includes the whole of the urinary system, aorta, etc. and these organs are primarily retroperitoneal, means that structures remain retroperitoneal in origin during the entire of development
So, the correct answer is ‘(c) Kidney’.

Additional information:
- Those organs that were once suspended within the abdominal cavity by mesentery but migrated posterior to the peritoneum during the course of embryogenesis to become retroperitoneal are considered to be secondarily retroperitoneal organs.
- Secondary retroperitoneal includes the duodenum, ascending, and descending part of the colon and pancreas except for the tail part.
- Nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney.
- This is metanephric in types means the glomeruli is very well developed.
- Kidney involves the formation of urine and the micturition process, that’s why it is broadly termed as an excretory organ of humans.
- The urine formation includes the glomerular filtration that is ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption, and tubular filtration.
- Kidney involves the functions of osmoregulation and homeostasis.
- This organ regulates the pH of blood, salt content, glucose, protein, etc.

Note:
- Kidney produces a hormone which is named as erythropoietin. This hormone stimulates the formation of erythrocytes (RBCs).
- The color of the urine is due to the pigment urochrome.
- When the urea accumulation in the blood is comparatively high in such cases urea is removed by the process called hemodialysis.