Question

Select the correct option concerning mitosis.
A) Chromosomes to the spindle equator and get aligned along with equatorial plate in metaphase
B) Chromatids separate but remain in the centre of the cell in anaphase
C) Chromatids start moving towards opposite poles in telophase
D) Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum are still visible at the end of prophase

Answer 1

Hint: Mitosis is the process by which a single cell is divided into two identical daughter cells by the process of cell division. During mitosis, one cell divides once to form two identical cells. mitosis is done for growth and to replace worn-out cells.

Complete answer:
Interphase:
The DNA in the cell is duplicated in preparation for cell division, this results in two identical full sets of chromosomes Outside of the nucleus are two centrosomes, each including a pair of centrioles, these structures are significant for the process of cell division. During interphase, microtubules extend from these centrosomes.

Prophase:
The chromosomes gather into X-formed structures that can be effectively observed under a microscope. Each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids, containing identical hereditary information. The chromosomes pair up so the two duplicates of chromosome 1 are together, the two duplicates of chromosome 2 are, etc. At the stop of prophase, the membrane around the nucleus in the cell dissolves away disclosing the chromosomes. The mitotic spindle, consisting of the microtubules and different proteins, reaches out over the cell between the centrioles as they moveto inverse poles of the cell.

Metaphase:
The chromosomes line up neatly end-to-end along the centre (equator) of the cell. The centrioles are presently at inverse Poles of the cell with the mitotic spindle strands stretching out from them. The mitotic spindle fibres join each of the sister chromatids.

Anaphase:
The sister chromatids are then pulled apart by the mitotic spindle which pulls one chromatid to one pole and the other chromatid to the opposite pole.

Telophase:
At each shaft of the cell, a full set of chromosomes gather together. A membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to develop two new nuclei. The single-cell at that point squeezes in the centre to shape two separate daughter cells each containing a full set of chromosomes inside a nucleus. This process is known as cytokinesis. During metaphase, every chromosome is associated with two-axle filaments, one from each post, in the area of its kinetochores. The kinetochore fibres contract and give rise to the chromosomes over the equator.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: Mitosis may take minutes or hours, depending upon the type of cells and species of organisms. It is affected by the time of day, temperature, and chemicals. Mitosis is also referred to as the repairmen and regeneration of body structures like in the starfish. In many organisms, mitosis is the method of asexual reproduction.