Question

Supplying water to agricultural lands through canals, wells and tanks is called
A. Flood
B. Cultivation
C. Irrigation
D. Water conservation

Answer 1

Hint: The history of Indian agriculture goes back to the Indus Valley civilization and even earlier in some parts of southern India. India has the second largest farm production worldwide. With bearing $18\mathrm{\%}$ of the country's GDP, India's agricultural and processed foods are exported to more than 120 countries, and India is a major producer of numerous fruits and vegetables.

Complete Answer:
Supplying water to farmlands through canals, wells and tanks is called irrigation. Irrigation is the process of supplying a controlled amount of water to plants at required intervals. Irrigation helps with the cultivation of crops, the maintenance of landscapes, in dry areas and periods of less than average rainfall. Irrigation is the artificial watering of soil through various tubing, pump, and syringe systems. Irrigation is usually used in areas where rainfall is erratic or less or drought is expected. There are many types of irrigation systems, where water is supplied to the entire field uniformly. Irrigation water can come from groundwater, through wells or springs, lakes, through surface water, reservoirs, or lakes, or even other sources, such as desalinated water or treated waste water. As a result, it is vital that farmers protect their agricultural water source. To minimize potential contamination, irrigation water users need to be careful not to pump groundwater.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option, ‘C: Irrigation’.

Note: The irrigation system in India is one of the most important and extensive systems. This consists of a system of major and minor waterways that derive water from Indian rivers; underground water well systems, tanks, and also rainwater harvesting projects for agricultural activities. Out of this groundwater system is the largest.