Question

The anterior lobe of pituitary secretes
A. TSH, ADH, and prolactin
B. LH, FSH, and a growth hormone
C. ACTH, TSH, and oxytocin
D. STH, GH, and antidiuretic hormone

Answer 1

Hint: The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland also known as the adenohypophysis is a portion of the pituitary gland which is responsible for the production of several important hormones such as the ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone), LH (Luteinizing hormone), FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone), PRL (Prolactin), GH (Growth hormone) and the TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone). The hormones released by the anterior pituitary are collectively called the tropic hormones.

Complete step by step answer:
The pituitary gland is a major organ of the endocrine system. The entire pituitary gland is also called the master gland as it controls all endocrine hormone secretion and regulation. The pituitary gland can be divided into the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary. The anterior pituitary also called the adenohypophysis or pars anterior is the glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes, including stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation.

The anterior pituitary is composed of three regions, namely the pars distalis, pars tuberalis, and the pars intermedia. The pars distalis is the most distal part of the anterior lobe and comprise most of the gland. This is where most of the hormones are secreted. Pars tuberalis is the sheath that extends with the pars distalis and connects to the infundibulum. Even though this region does not secrete any hormones it has specific receptors that regulate the secretion of hormone from pars distalis. Pars intermedia is present between the pars distalis and the posterior pituitary. It is very small and indistinct in humans.
The anterior pituitary secretes five types of endocrine hormones which are the growth hormone(GH) also known as somatotropes, Prolactin (PRL) or also known as Lactotropes, ), (LH), and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) which are known as gonadotropes, Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) also known as corticotrophs and Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or also known as thyrotropes (TSH).
Hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary are called Trophic hormones which denote that these hormones directly affect the growth of the cells either as hyperplasia or hypertrophy on the tissue it is stimulating. Tropic hormones are named for their ability to act directly on target tissues or other endocrine glands to release hormones, causing numerous cascading physiological responses.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

Note:Only five endocrine hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary. Oxytocin is a hormone that is synthesized by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary, similarly, the ADH or Antidiuretic Hormone is a peptide hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary. STH stands for Somatotrophic Hormone which is another name for Growth Hormone (GH). Therefore, only option B had all hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary.