Question

The basic component of smog may be
A. PAN
B. Ozone
C. PBN
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: The term smog is derived from two terms smoke and fog. It is very harmful for the environment as it is a type of air pollution. The various components of smog are harmful to health as well.

Complete Answer:
Smog is formed due to the combination of smoke and fog. It is a type of air pollution which affects the quality of air leading to decreased visibility. The main reason for the formation of smog is the emission from the various commercial industries, automobiles. These emissions react with the sunlight and temperature resulting in the formation of smog.

There are two types of smog based on their formation:
1) Photochemical smog
2) Sulfurous smog

The photochemical smog is formed by the reaction of sunlight, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere. This nitrogen oxides is emitted from automobiles and the source of volatile organic compounds are the paints and cleaning solvents. The sulfurous smog is formed due to increased concentrations of Sulphur oxides. Such types of smog is seen in urban conditions.

So, the various components of smog include:
- PAN (Peroxyacetyl nitrate)
- Ozone
- PBN (Peroxybenzoyl nitrate)
- Particulate matter such as pollen and dust
- Nitrogen dioxide

So, the correct answer is option (D).

Additional information: Health effects of smog
1) It can lead to various respiratory problems such as coughing.
2) Itching and burning in the eyes and throat.
3) Can lead to various heart diseases.
4) Serious respiratory conditions can occur if it persists for a longer time.
5) Harmful for plants as the quality of air is compromised.

Note: Smog is harmful for the air and environment. The various emissions from the industries, automobiles lead to the release of nitrogen oxide, peroxyacetyl nitrate and other secondary components. The smog also affects the health of humans leading to various respiratory problems.