Question

The condition of free petals is called ___________.
(a) Polypetalous
(b) Gamopetalous
(c) Polyphyllous
(d) Gamophyllous
(e) Apocarpous

Answer 1

Hint: Flower and its part aid sexual reproduction in angiosperms which arise from the bud-like vegetative branch. A flower consists of green sepal and colorful petals with the presence of androecium and gynoecium. The arrangement of the flower part is different in different types of plants.

Complete answer:
Corolla is the second whorl consisting of brightly colored petals, which consist of fragrant and nectar at the base. Petals protect essential organs and also attract pollinating animals. The corella may be polypetalous with free petals or gamopetalous with fused petals.
Polypetalous corolla is of four types, cruciform with petals arranged diagonally, caryophyllus with five petals and limb horizontally bent, rosaceous with five or more horizontally bent petals like a saucer and papilionaceous with five irregular petals with vexillum, pair of wings, and pair of the keel.

Additional Information: Polyphyllus and gamophyllous conditions occur in the case of the perianth. The perianth is the condition where calyx and corolla are fused and each member of the perianth is known as tepals. Free tepals are polyphyllus whereas fused tepals are gamophyllous. Apocarpous is the condition where carpets are free in gynoecium and fused carpel is called syncarpous. Fusion occurs in the region of ovaries and ovaries or style.
The arrangement of flowers in the floral bud is called aestivation. In valvate aestivation the margins of adjacent sepals or petals meet by edges but do not overlap, In twisted aestivation margin of flower overlap with adjacent petals and imbricate aestivation irregular overlapping of petals take place by one another. Imbricate aestivation is of three types, in quincuncial two petals remain externally, two internally and fifth at the margin, in ascending imbricate posterior petal lie inside by upper margin of lateral and in turn overlap by an upper margin, descending imbricate also known as vexillary where posterior large petal overlay lateral petals and lateral petals overlap anterior petals.
So, the correct answer is ‘Polypetalous’.

Note: The flower is considered complete if it consists of all floral organs like calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. The absence of one or more organs makes the flower incomplete. A perfect flower is bisexual whereas an imperfect flower is unisexual with either laminate or pistillate.